Apheresis

Question 1

Selective separation of a particular component via a separation machine

Answer 1

Apheresis

Question 2

Anticoagulant used in apheresis procedure

Answer 2

Acid Citrate Dextrose

Question 3

Shelf life of blood component with anticoagulant used in apheresis procedure

Answer 3

21 days

Question 4

Type of blood donation where whole blood is withdrawn either from a donor or patient wherein after removal, separation, and retention of the desired cellular elements or plasma.

Answer 4

Hemapheresis

Question 5

What happens to the remaining products of blood after apheresis?

Answer 5

The remaining products are recombined and returned to the donor patient

Question 6

How much platelet must a donor have if they are to undergo plasma pheresis?

Answer 6

150 x 109/L

Question 7

Therapeutic Cytapheresis: (5)

Answer 7

1. Plateletpheresis
2. Leukapheresis
3. Lymphocytapheresis
4. Neocytapheresis
5. Erythrocytapheresis
6. Plasmapheresis

Question 8

Contents of plateletpheresis

Answer 8

3 x 1011 platelets

Question 9

Used to treat patients who have abnormally elevated platelet counts such as polycythemia vera

Answer 9

Plateletpheresis

Question 10

Sedimenting agent used for granulocyte collection which cause red cells to form rouleaux thus allowing WBCs to be harvested more efficiently

Answer 10

HES (Hydroxyethyl starch)

Question 11

Administered to the donors 12-24 hours before pheresis to increase the number of circulating granulocytes by pulling them from the marginal pool.

Answer 11

Corticosteroid

Question 12

Therapeutic Indications of Leukapheresis:

Answer 12

Used to treat patients with leukemia:
o Hairy cell leukemia
o Acute Myeloid Leukemia
o Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma

Question 13

Removal of lymphocytes

Answer 13

Lymphocytapheresis

Question 14

Therapeutic Indications of lymphocytapheresis

Answer 14

Means of immunosuppression in conditions like:
o Rheumatoid Arthritis
o Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
o Kidney Transplant Rejection
o Autoimmune Disease
o Alloimmune Disease

Question 15

Transfusion of young RBCs “neocytes”

Answer 15

Neocytapheresis

Question 16

Therapeutic Indications of Neocytapheresis

Answer 16

For young patients with certain hematologic disorders especially Thalassemia syndromes –abnormal hemoglobin synthesis

Question 17

Considered as an exchange procedure predetermined quantity of red cells is removed from the patient and replaced with homologous blood

Answer 17

Erythrocytapheresis

Question 18

Therapeutic Indications of Erythrocytapheresis:

Answer 18

Used to treat various complications of Sickle Cell Disease, such as priapism (ulceration in sickle cell) and impending stroke

Also in patients with severe parasitic infections
from malaria and babesia

Question 19

Replacement Fluids Used in Plasmapheresis: (4)

Answer 19

o Normal Saline Solution (NSS
o Normal Serum Albumin (NSA)
o Plasma Protein Fraction (PPF)
o Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

Question 20

now the recommended replacement fluid during plasma exchange for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Answer 20

Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)

Question 21

Therapeutic Indications of Plasmapheresis:

Answer 21

1. To remove the offending agent in the plasma causing clinical symptoms in cases of Paraproteinemia (e.g., Multiple Myeloma, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, etc.), Familial Hypercholesterolemia
2. To collect rare red and white cell antibodies
3. Beneficial particularly in diseases that involve malfunction of the immune system (SLE, RA)