Apheresis Flashcards
Selective separation of a particular component via a separation machine
Apheresis
Anticoagulant used in apheresis procedure
Acid Citrate Dextrose
Shelf life of blood component with anticoagulant used in apheresis procedure
21 days
Type of blood donation where whole blood is withdrawn either from a donor or patient wherein after removal, separation, and retention of the desired cellular elements or plasma.
Hemapheresis
What happens to the remaining products of blood after apheresis?
The remaining products are recombined and returned to the donor patient
How much platelet must a donor have if they are to undergo plasma pheresis?
150 x 109/L
Therapeutic Cytapheresis: (5)
- Plateletpheresis
- Leukapheresis
- Lymphocytapheresis
- Neocytapheresis
- Erythrocytapheresis
- Plasmapheresis
Contents of plateletpheresis
3 x 1011 platelets
Used to treat patients who have abnormally elevated platelet counts such as polycythemia vera
Plateletpheresis
Sedimenting agent used for granulocyte collection which cause red cells to form rouleaux thus allowing WBCs to be harvested more efficiently
HES (Hydroxyethyl starch)
Administered to the donors 12-24 hours before pheresis to increase the number of circulating granulocytes by pulling them from the marginal pool.
Corticosteroid
Therapeutic Indications of Leukapheresis:
Used to treat patients with leukemia:
o Hairy cell leukemia
o Acute Myeloid Leukemia
o Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma
Removal of lymphocytes
Lymphocytapheresis
Therapeutic Indications of lymphocytapheresis
Means of immunosuppression in conditions like:
o Rheumatoid Arthritis
o Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
o Kidney Transplant Rejection
o Autoimmune Disease
o Alloimmune Disease
Transfusion of young RBCs “neocytes”
Neocytapheresis
Therapeutic Indications of Neocytapheresis
For young patients with certain hematologic disorders especially Thalassemia syndromes –abnormal hemoglobin synthesis
Considered as an exchange procedure predetermined quantity of red cells is removed from the patient and replaced with homologous blood
Erythrocytapheresis
Therapeutic Indications of Erythrocytapheresis:
Used to treat various complications of Sickle Cell Disease, such as priapism (ulceration in sickle cell) and impending stroke
Also in patients with severe parasitic infections
from malaria and babesia
Replacement Fluids Used in Plasmapheresis: (4)
o Normal Saline Solution (NSS
o Normal Serum Albumin (NSA)
o Plasma Protein Fraction (PPF)
o Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)
now the recommended replacement fluid during plasma exchange for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP)
Therapeutic Indications of Plasmapheresis:
- To remove the offending agent in the plasma causing clinical symptoms in cases of Paraproteinemia (e.g., Multiple Myeloma, Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia, etc.), Familial Hypercholesterolemia
- To collect rare red and white cell antibodies
- Beneficial particularly in diseases that involve malfunction of the immune system (SLE, RA)
