APGOVCH7.Zariah White

Question 1

bully pulpit

Answer 1

the view that a major power of the presidency, albeit not one prescribed by the constitution, is to draw attention to and generate support for particular positions.

presidents tried to reach out and gain support for their programs through what president roosevelt called the bully pulpit.

Question 2

cabinet

Answer 2

the formal body of presidential advisers who head the fifteen executive departments.

presidents often add others to this cabinet of formal advisers.

Question 3

executive agreements

Answer 3

formal international agreements entered into by the president that do not require the advice and consent of the u.s. senate.

since 1900, many presidents have favored executive agreements over treaties.

Question 4

executive office of the President (EOP)

Answer 4

a mini-bureaucracy created in 1939 to help the president oversee the executive branch bureaucracy.

in 1939, fdr established the executive office of the president (eop) to oversee his new deal programs.

Question 5

executive order

Answer 5

rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law.

all executive orders must be published in the Federal Register.

Question 6

executive privilege

Answer 6

an implied presidential power that allows the president to refuse to disclose information regarding confidential conversations or national security to congress or the judiciary.

watergate produced a major decision from the supreme court on the scope of what is termed executive privilege.

Question 7

first lady

Answer 7

the designation provided to the wife of a president or, at the state level, of a governor; no specific analogue exists for a male spouse.

the term first lady was coined in 1849.

Question 8

inherent powers

Answer 8

powers that belong to the president because they can be inferred from the constitution.

washington’s supporters argued that the constitution granted the president inherent powers such as that authorizing him to conduct diplomatic relations.

Question 9

league of nations

Answer 9

a multilateral diplomatic organization that existed from 1920-1946 that sought, unsuccessfully , to prevent future wars; the united states never joined.

the league of nations was a precursor of the united nations.

Question 10

office of management and budget (OMB)

Answer 10

the office that prepares the president’s annual budget proposal, reviews the budget ad programs of the executive departments, supplies economic forecasts, and conducts detailed analyses of proposed bills and agency rules.

the bureau of the budget was renamed office of management and budget by nixon to clarify its function in the executive branch.

Question 11

pardon

Answer 11

an executive grant providing restoration of all rights and privileges of citizenship to a specific individual charged with or convicted of a crime.

presidents can exercise a check on judicial power through their constitutional authority to grant reprieves or pardons.

Question 12

president

Answer 12

the chief executive officer of the united states, as established by article II of the u.s. constitution.

the authority granted to the president by the u.s. constitution and through subsequent congressional legislation makes it a position with awesome power and responsibility.

Question 13

presidential succession act

Answer 13

a 1947 law enacted by congress that provides for the filling of any simultaneous vacancy of the presidency and vice presidency.

in 1947, congress passed the presidential succession act, which lists-in order- those in line to succeed the president.

Question 14

signing statements

Answer 14

occasional written comments attached to a bill signed by the president.

presidents may also issue signing statements when signing legislation.

Question 15

twenty-fifth amendment

Answer 15

adopted in 1967 to establish procedures for filling vacancies in the office of president and vice president as well as providing for procedures to deal with the disability of a president.

the twenty-fifth amendment became part of the constitution in 1967 as a response to the assassination of president john f. kennedy.

Question 16

twenty-second amendment

Answer 16

prevents presidents from serving more than two terms, or more than ten years if they came to office via the death, resignation, or removal of their predecessor.

the twenty-second amendment was adopted in 1951.

Question 17

u.s. v. nixon (1974)

Answer 17

supreme court ruling on power of the president, holding that no absolute constitutional executive privilege allows a president to refuse to comply with a court order to produce information needed in a criminal trial.

in u.s. v. nixon (1974), the supreme court ruled unanimously that no overriding executive privilege sanctioned the president’s refusal to comply with a court order to produce information for use in the trial of the watergate defendants.

Question 18

veto

Answer 18

the formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action.

during the constitutional convention, proponents of a strong executive argued that the president should have an absolute and final veto over acts of congress.

Question 19

vice president

Answer 19

an officer created by article II of the u.s. constitution to preside over the u.s. senate and to fill any vacancy in the office of president due to death, resignation, removal, or (since 1967) disability.

the vice president’s major function is to succeed the president in the event of his death or disability.

Question 20

watergate

Answer 20

a scandal in the 1970s involving a break-in at the democratic national committee offices in the watergate office complex.

the involvement of members of the nixon administration and subsequent cover-up attempts led to Richard Nixon’s resignation from office and jail sentences for some members of his administration.