APA Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

In a patient with anemia where the MCH high at 105, MCHC low at 29, and a ferritin that is normal, what disorder is suspected indicating which test should be performed?

A

Thalassemia minor and hemoglobin electrophoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What tests can help to differential Folate Deficiency from B12 deficiency?

A

Homocystine and methylmalonic acid (MMA). Both are elevated in B12 deficiency and only homocystine in Folate Deficiency.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What test should be performed to diagnose pernicious anemia?

A

Parietal antibody test (antiparietal antibody) or intrinsic factor antibody (Anti-IF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When treating a vitamin deficient anemic patient with presumed normal bone marrow, when would you expect to see an elevation in Hct/Hgb and when would you expect it to return to normal?

A

Increased in 1-2 weeks, normal 4-6 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the primary differentiating symptom between folate and B12 deficiency anemias?

A

Neurological impairment (gait, balance, mentation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A patient with MCV of 76, low hct/hgb and rbc-the next step is to order TICB, Ferritin and Serium iron. If the ferritin and iron levels are low- which form of anemia is diagnosed

A

IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In anemia patient with MCV >100, what studies should be ordered?

A

Folate & B12 levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CAGE tool helps to screen for what condition?

A

Alcohol abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Reticulocyte count decreases with what types of anemia?

A

Hypoproliferative disorders such as Nutritional deficiencies and bone marrow diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Reticulocyte count increases with?

A

Hemolytic anemia and sickle cell crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does MCV determine?

A

Size of cell: microcytic (less than 80), normocytic (80-100) and macrocytic (>100)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are two key differentiators in IDA?

A

Low ferritin and high TIBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When differentiation thalassemia from IDA- what is one key finding?

A

In thalassemia, the TIBC will be normal and iron will be normal/high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MCV and MCH high, what kind of anemia is it?

A

Macrocytic, usually B12 or folate deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Elevated neutrophils usually indicates what type of infection?

A

Bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Elevated lymphocytes usually indicates what type of infection?

A

Viral

17
Q

Aside from acute bacterial infections, what else may cause elevated neutrophils?

A

Leukemia and tissue distruction such as burns

18
Q

What finding in a Left shift is considered to be suggestive of poor outcomes?

A

Elevated bands without leukocytosis

19
Q

What defines a Right shift?

A

Low bands and elevated segs- often found with liver disease, megaloblastic anemias, and hemolysis

20
Q

When H&H is low, MCV/MCHC normal, ferritin is high and tibc is low, what anemia is suspected

A

Anemia of chronic illness (ACD)

21
Q

What defines a chronic cough?

A

Cough that lasts >8 weeks