APA Diabetes Flashcards
How does DM 1 frequently first present?
As DKA
When monitoring A1C post changes or with an unstable patient, how often do you re-check A1C?
Q3mos
What is the ideal postprandial blood sugar?
<180
How often do you monitor A1C in the stable patient?
Every 6 months
What is the normal range for FBS?
70-100
What FBS range would be considered prediabetic?
101-125
What is the diagnostic criteria for DM?
FBS> 126 on 2 occasions
>200 random
HgA1C >6.5
2hr GTT >200
Which oral agents are considered sensitizers?
Biguanides (Metformin) and TZDs (actos/avandia)
How do sensitizers work?
Decrease hepatic production and increase peripheral use: Increases insulin sensitivity by decreasing glycogenolysis & glyconeogenesis in liver and decreasing intestinal absorbtion. Increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
Sensizters affect postprandial and fasting sugars? True or False
True
What are two benefits of sensitzers (Metformin & TZD)
Low cost, highly effective and minimal hypoglycemia
What is the main side affect of metformin and how can it be reduced?
GI affects, start at low dose and gradually titrate upwards
Which group of sensitizers are contraindicated in heart disease?
TZDs
Long term use of metformin can lead to what deficiency?
B12
Increased fracture risk, fluid retention, weight gain and GI upset are common side affects of which type of drugs?
TZDs Actos/Avandia
