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AP World History > AP World Unit 3 > Flashcards

AP World Unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Absolutism (centralized)

A

political doctrine and practice of unlimited centralized authority and
absolute sovereignty as vested especially in a monarch or dictator

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2
Q

Akbar Style (tolerance)

A

Mughal emperor of India who conquered most of northern India, practiced
religious tolerance

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3
Q

Anglican Church(Henry VIII)

A

Church of England, Founded by King VIII

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4
Q

Anne Boleyn(2nd)

A

Second Wife of Henry VIII

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5
Q

Canto(poetry)

A

principal form of division of poetry

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6
Q

Castes(divisions)

A

Social divisions in a society

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7
Q

Catherine the Great(Russia)

A

Queen of Russia who doubled it’s size

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8
Q

Catholic Reformation (reform, respond, challenges)

A

A movement within the Catholic Church to reform and respond to the challenges posed by the Protestant Reformation

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9
Q

Charles I (B&I)

A

King of Great Britain & Ireland

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10
Q

Cossacks (hinterlands)

A

Members of a people residing in the northern hinterlands of the Black and Caspian seas

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11
Q

Council of Trent (doctrinal challenges)

A

The formal Roman Catholic reply to the doctrinal challenges of the Protestant Reformation

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12
Q

Czar (russia)

A

title given to the supreme Russian monarch (until 1917)

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13
Q

Daimyo (samurai)

A

a Japanese feudal Lord who commanded a private army of Samurai warriors

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14
Q

Devshirme (Ottoman)

A

Ottoman system of enslaving young Christian boys, forcing their conversion, and training them to be soldiers

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15
Q

Diet of Worms (Holy Roman)

A

An imperial diet of the Holy Roman Empire

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16
Q

Divine Right (god-given power)

A

A political doctrine stating that a King has God-given power and therefore can’t be help accountable by parliament

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17
Q

Dyarchy (Dy-Bi)

A

Qing system where ruling positions were shared between Chinese and Manchurians

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18
Q

Edict of Nantes (Calvinist Protestants)

A

religious tolerance and civil rights for Huguenots(French Calvinist Protestants)

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19
Q

Emperor Qianlong (6th)

A

Sixth Emperor of Qing Dynasty

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20
Q

English Bill of Rights (reduced)

A

an act passed by the Parliament of England which reduced the power of the monarch

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21
Q

Grand Viezer (state)

A

Chief officer of State of a Muslim Country specifically under the Ottoman Empire

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22
Q

Gunpowder Empires

A

Strong military powers which utilized gunpowder and innovative artillery

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23
Q

Gutenberg Printing Press

A

Updated Printing Press invented by the Holy Roman Empire during the 15th Century

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24
Q

Harem (part of house)

A

The part of the home where women were kept, typically in Islamic Cultures

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25
Q

Henry VII (1509-1547)

A

King of England from 1509 to 1547

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26
Q

Heresy (contradicts religion)

A

An idea, belief, or opinion, that is opposite of or contradicts a religion and it’s beliefs

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27
Q

Imam (prayer, Ali)

A

Islamic prayer leader who can link their descent from the successes of Ali

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28
Q

Indulgences ( for pious act)

A

Forgiveness of punishment for sins, granted by the Catholic Church as a reward for a pious act

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29
Q

Infidel (disbelief)

A

a person accused of disbelief in their own religion, such as members of another religion or irreligious people

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30
Q

Inquisitions (prevent heresy)

A

a judicial procedure and later an institution used to combat Heresy

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31
Q

Instanbul (turkey)

A

a major city in modern-day turkey

32
Q

Ivan IV(Ivan the Terrible) -1st

A

First Czar, drove the Mongols out of Muscovy(Moscow)

33
Q

Janissaries (devshirme)

A

The soldiers that were the enslave Christian boys from Devshirme

34
Q

Jesiuts (protestanism < Catholicism)

A

Members of the society of Jesus, a teaching and missionary order made to resist Protestanism’s spread and further spread Catholicism

35
Q

John Calvin (french theologian)

A

French theologian who developed his Calvinism philosophy through his work “institutes of the Christian Religion”

36
Q

Jizya (tax)

A

yearly tax against non-muslim residents in Islamic countries/empires

37
Q

Limited monarchy (limited power)

A

Monarchy where power of the monarch is limited based on a constitution or other form of document

38
Q

Louis XIV (french)

A

French Monarch from 1643-1715

39
Q

Macao (trading post)

A

Portuguese trading post which facilitated foreign trade with China

40
Q

Manchuria (north-east Asia)

A

Region consisting of modern-day North-East Asia, Northern China, and the Russian-Far-East

41
Q

Mansab(s) (ranks or positions)

A

Arabic word for ranks or position

42
Q

Martin Luther (initiated)

A

A German theologian and monk during the 16th century, initiated the protestant revolution

43
Q

Mehtmet II (ottoman)

A

prominent Ottoman sultan who reigned from 1444 to 1446 & then again from 1451 to 1481

44
Q

Millets (independent)

A

Independent court of law under which a confessional community could rule itself with it’s own rules

45
Q

Mughal Empire (Hindu)

A

Muslim Dynasty which ruled over a mostly Hindu population

46
Q

Ninety-five Theses (martin Luther)

A

Expressions of Martin Luther’s opinions about the practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church (posted on the door of the Catholic Church of Wittenburg)

47
Q

Oliver Cromwell (E.S.I)

A

political and military leader in 17th century England who served as Lord Protector, or head of state, of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

48
Q

Peace of Augsburg (religious)

A

The first permanent legal basis for the coexistence of Lutheranism and Catholicism in Germany

49
Q

Ottoman Empire (Turks)

A

An Islamic Gunpowder Empire developed by Turks between 14th and 20th Century

50
Q

Peace of Westphalia (Treaties)

A

Peace Treaties which ended the 30 Year’s War and brought peace to the Holy Roman Empire

51
Q

Peter the Great(modernized)

A

Czar of Russia from 1682 until his death in 1725, modernized Russia and transformed it into an empire that rivaled anything in Europe

52
Q

Philip II (Habsburg, s. p.)

A

A member of the Habsburg dynasty served as king of Spain and later both Spain and Portugal

53
Q

Puritans

A

English Protestants commited to “purifying” the Church of England by eliminating all aspects of Catholicism from religious practices

54
Q

Predestination (pre-determined)

A

the idea that the ultimate fate (heaven or hell) of each person has already been pre-determined by God, regardless of any earthly events or influences.

55
Q

Propaganda

A

the dissemination of information, ideas, rumors, etc. in order to make people feel a certain way towards a certain culture, political ideology, etc.

56
Q

Protestant Reformation

A

religious reform movement that swept through Europe during the 1500s which resulted in a new branch of Christianity called Protestanism

57
Q

Qing Dynasty (Manchus)

A

Islamic ‘Gunpowder empire’ established in 1636 by the Manchus to designate their regime in Manchuria, in what is now northeastern China.

58
Q

Rajputs (smaller hindu)

A

smaller Hindu kingdoms arose throughout northern India run by sons of Kings

59
Q

Safavid Empire (Persia)

A

Islamic gunpowder empire a significant Persian state that existed from 1501 to 1736

60
Q

Serfs

A

people responsible for working the land of their lords primarily in the middle ages

61
Q

Shah (Iran)

A

title given to the monarch or king in Iran before the Islamic Revolution in 1979

62
Q

Shah Abbas I (safavid, army)

A

Shah of Persia who strengthened the Safavid dynasty by expelling Ottoman and Uzbek troops from Persia and establishing an army

63
Q

Sharia (Islamic, texts)

A

(holy law) Islamic laws, principles, and guidelines based on scholar’s interpretation of texts

64
Q

Shi’ite (branch, god-given power, Ali)

A

branch of Islam which appoints ‘god-given’ leadership to descendants of Muhammad’s son-inlaw Ali

65
Q

Sikhism (Punjab)

A

monotheistic religion founded in late 15th century in Punjab region of South Asia

66
Q

Spanish Inquisition (religious unity)

A

organization established by Ferdinand and Isabella to help maintain religious unity in Spain

67
Q

Suleiman The Magnificent (10th)

A

10th Sultan from the Osman House

68
Q

Sultan

A

A ruler of an Islamic country

69
Q

Taj Mahal

A

tomb built by the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan to honor his wife.

70
Q

Tamerlane (timurdid)

A

a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty

71
Q

Tax Farmers

72
Q

Thirty Year’s War (P. C.)

A

a European Protestant vs. Catholic war

73
Q

Tokugawa Leyasu (shogun)

A

founder and first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan,

74
Q

Versailles (residence)

A

a grand royal residence located just outside of Paris, originally built for King Louis XIV in the 17th century.

75
Q

Witch Hunts (16th & 17th)

A

The pursuit of people suspected of witchcraft, especially in northern Europe in the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

AP World History (4 decks)

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