AP Vocabulary 21-40 Flashcards
Anaphora
In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect is known as anaphora. Anaphora is possibly the oldest literary device, has its roots in biblical Psalms used to emphasize certain words or phrases. Gradually, Elizabethan and romantic writers brought this device into practice.
Epistrophe
Is derived from a Greek word that means turning upon, which indicates the same word returns at the end of each sentence. Epistrophe is a stylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of the clauses or words at the end of the clauses or sentences. It also called Epiphora. Epistrophe examples are frequently found in literary pieces, in persuasive writing and speeches.
Asyndeton
Is derived from a Greek word asyndeton which means unconnected. It’s a stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence, yet maintain the grammatical accuracy. This literary tool helps in reducing the indirect meaning of the phrase and presents it in concise form. Asyndeton helps in speeding up the rhythm of words. Mostly this technique is employed in speech but can be used in written works too.
Polysyndeton
Comes from a Greek word meaning “bound together”. It makes use of coordinating conjunctions like “and”, “or”, “but”, and “nor” (mostly and & or) which are used to join successive words, phrases, clauses in such a way that these conjunctions are even used where they might have been omitted.
Synecdoche
A literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part. Distinguishing between this and metonymy often take some thoughtful consideration.
Tone
In written composition, is an attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. It is something important for the reader to “sense” to determine an argument. Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words or the viewpoint of a writer on a particular viewpoint.
Process analysis
A step-by-step breakdown of the phases of a process, used to convey the details of each phase of thinking, and operation, etc. it is often used to improve understanding and also to break down an argument to make it more comprehensible.
Syntax
Refers to how we choose to arrange our words. The choice of specific words is called diction.
Provocative diction
“Diction” Is our choice of words. Thus, ” provocative diction” Is the purposeful choice of words serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate a provocative question that will frame a rhetorical argument.
Classification
The action or process of clarifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. This often is a strategy of argumentation or an argumentative response in an effort to provide the reader with the structure to your argument. It would be considered a support to both logos and ethos in presenting an argument.
Understatement
For example, you win $10 million in a lottery. When you tell a news reporter “I am delighted”, you are making an understatement. Similarly, suppose the team loses two it’s a opponent 50 to 0 in a soccer match and the captain of the team says in a post-match ceremony “we did not do well”, it is an understatement because he is trying to decrease the intensity of the loss. It is opposite of hyperbole or overstatement.
Colorful diction
Diction is conscious choice of words as a writer. It stands to reason that “colorful diction” is a very purposeful word choice that will serve to accentuate meaning and tone.
Counter argument
An argument or a set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument. When writing in the argumentative mode, It is mandatory, that the writer acknowledges the “other” side to his or her argument. It is part of the refutation of someone else’s claim to support your own “side” of the argument that you’re making.
Claim
If someone gives an argument to support his or her position, it is called making a claim. Different reasons are usually presented to prove why certain point should be excepted as logical.
Evidence
Is a type of literary device that appears in different categories of essays and theses in the form of paraphrase in quotations. It is presented to persuade the reader and use with powerful arguments in the text or essay. In rhetoric, when a person makes a claim and argument in order to establish the veracity in authenticity of his claim or argument.
