AP Test Vocab

Question 1

Balkanization

Answer 1

The contentious political process by which a state may break up into smaller countries.

Question 2

CENTRIFUGAL FORCES

Answer 2

orces 1hat tend to divide a country.

Question 3

CENTRIPETAL FORCES

Answer 3

es Forces that tend to unite or bind a country together.

Question 4

COLONIALISM

Answer 4

The expansion and perpetuation of an empire.

Question 5

COMPACT STATE

Answer 5

E A state 1hat possesses a roughly circular, oval, or rectangular territory in which the distance from the geometric center is relatively equal in all directions.

Question 6

ELONGATED STATE

Answer 6

A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.

Question 7

ENCLAVES

Answer 7

s Any small and relatively homogenous group or region surrounded by another larger and different group or region.

Question 8

FEDERALISM

Answer 8

A system of government in which power is distributed-among certain geographical territories rather than concentrated within a central government.

Question 9

GERRYMANDERING

Answer 9

The designation of voting districts so as to favor a particular political party or candidate.

Question 10

Micro-state

Answer 10

.Eft State or tererritory that is small in both population and area.

Question 11

NATION

Answer 11

a tightly knit group of individuals sharing a common language, ethnicity, religion, and other cultural attributes.

Question 12

NATION-STATE

Answer 12

A country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity.

Question 13

PRORUPTED STATE

Answer 13

A state that exhibits a narrow, elongated land extension leading away ftom the main territory.

Question 14

SOVEREIGNTY

Answer 14

Supreme or independent political power.

Question 15

Arithmetic Density

Answer 15

The number of people living in a given unit area

Question 16

Census Tract

Answer 16

Small county subdivisions, usually containing between 2,500 and 8,000 persons delineated by the U.S. Census Bureau as areas of relatively uniform population characteristics, economic status, and living conditions.

Question 17

Chain migration

Answer 17

the migration event in which individuals follow the migratory path of preceding friends or family members to an existing community.

Question 18

Child mortality rate

Answer 18

Number of deaths per thousand of chilkdren within the last 5 years of life

Question 19

Crude birth Rate

Answer 19

the number of live births per year per 1000

Question 20

f ABSOLUTE DISTANCE I

Answer 20

2 A distance that can be measwed with a standald unit of length, such as a mile or kilometer,

Question 21

`ABSOWTE LOCATION T

Answer 21

™ The exact position of an object or place, measwedwttfnPI coordinates of a grid system.

Question 22

CARTOGRAMS A

Answer 22

MSA type of thematic map that mosforms space such d1at the political unit with the greatest value for some type of data is represented by the lugest relallative ae area

Question 23

)CARTOGRAPHY The 1

Answer 23

r The tbeory and practice of making visual represeot ai ons of Earttx.’s suxface io the form of maps.

Question 24

1` GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIST

Answer 24

) A set of complterer tools used to capture, store, 1Jtransform, analyze, and display geographic data.

Question 25

-LATITUDE T

Answer 25

E The angular distance north or south of the equator, defined by lines of latitldtde or parallels.

Question 26

^E,RCATO’R PROJECTION J

Answer 26

A true conformal cylindrical map projection, the Mercator projection is particularly used for navigation since it maintains accurate direction. Mercator projections are famous for their distortion area that makes landmasses at the poles appear oversized.

Question 27

. RELATNE LOCATION 1

Answer 27

he position of a place relative to the places wound it

Question 28

TIME-SPACE CONVERGENCE The :

Answer 28

The idea that distance between some places is actually shrinking f as technology enables more rapid communication and increased interaction among those places.

Question 29

CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT

Answer 29

The downtown or nucleus of a city where retail stores, offices, and cultural activities ale concentrated] building derrsities are usually quite bigb; and tans- . portation systems converge.

Question 30

CENTRAL-PLACE THEORY

Answer 30

A theory formulated by Walter ChristaUer in the early 19005 1hat explains the size and distribution of cities jil temzs of a competitive supply of goods and services to dispersed populations.

Question 31

Edge City

Answer 31

I Cities that are located on the outskirts of larger cities and serve many of the same locations of urban areas, but in a sprawling decentralized subwban environment.

Question 32

FORWARD CAPITAL A

Answer 32

LA capital city placed in a remote or peripheral area for economic, strategic, or symbolic reasons.

Question 33

. GATEWAY CITY Ci

Answer 33

Cities That, because of their geographic location, act as ports of entry and istributioa centers for large geographic areas.

Question 34

: GENTRIFICATION Tt

Answer 34

N The trend of middle-and upper-income Americans moving into city centers and rehabilitating much of the architecture but also replacing low-income populations, \ and changing the social character of certain neighborhoods

Question 35

GREAT MIGRATION

Answer 35

An early 20th-century mass movement of African Americans from the deep South to 1he industrial North particularly Chicago.

Question 36

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Answer 36

Period characterized by 1he rapid social and economic changes in manufacturing and agliadture that occurred in England during the late 18th century and rapidly diffused to other parts of the developed world.

Question 37

ISLAMIC CITIES (

Answer 37

Cities in Muslim countries that owe their structure to their religious i beliefs. : Islamic cities contain mosques at their center and wads guarding their perimeter. Open-air markets, courtyards surrounded by high walls, and dead-end streets, which limit foot traffic to residential neighborhoods, also characterize Islamic cities.

Question 38

LATIN AMERICAN CITIES

Answer 38

cities in Latin America that owe much of their structure to colonialism, the rapid rise of industrialization, and continual rapid increases in population similar to other colonial cities, they also demonstrate distinctive sectors of industrial or residential development radiating out from the central business district, where most industrial and \financial activity occurs.

Question 39

MEGALOPOLIS

Answer 39

several metropolitan areas that were originally separate but that have joined fogether to form a large, sprawling urban complex.

Question 40

METROPOLITAN AREA

Answer 40

Within the United States, an urban area consisting of one or more whole county units, usually containing several urbanized areas, or subwbs, that all act togedier as a coherent economic whole.

Question 41

MULTIPLE-NUCLEI MODEL

Answer 41

Type of urban fore wherein cities have numerous centers of business and cultural activity instead of one place.

Question 42

/SECTOR MODEL A

Answer 42

A model or urban land use that places the central business district in the fiiddle with wedge-shaped sectors radiating ouhald from the center along transportation corridors.