AP Notes 37-40

Question 1

Fallacy

Answer 1

A fallacy is an erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention. There are many fallacy examples that we can find in everyday conversations.

Question 2

Logical Fallacy

Answer 2

In argumentation, a formal fallacy (also called deductive fallacy) is a pattern of reasoning/thinking rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed
in a standard logic system, for example propositional logic. An argument that is
formally fallacious is always considered wrong.

Question 3

Prophecy

Answer 3

Many believe that a prediction and a prophecy are the same, but they are mistaken. It is true that both “forecast” the future, but there is a significant difference. A prophesy has all the elements of a prediction except the element of time. Without the element of time, a prophecy is hard to determine. A “prophecy” has more of a religious connotation since there is an element of
uncertainty about time.

Question 4

Prediciton

Answer 4

A prediction is a forecast made by those who calculate the parameters of the subject involved after evaluating the odds they can predict the future. The weather forecast is a good example. A “prediction” is limited to a time element, unlike a prophesy.