AP Lang Vocab.2 Flashcards
Epistrophe
derived from a Greek word that means turning upon, which indicates the same word returns at the end of each sentence. is a stylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phases or words at the end of the clauses or sentences. it is also called epiphora
Asyndeton
means unconnected in Greek. It is a stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence, yet maintain the grammatical accuracy. Helps reduce the indirect meaning of the phrase & presents it in a concise form. it helps in speeding up the rhythm of words.
Polysyndeton
comes from the Greek word meaning “bound together”. it makes use of coordinating conjunctions like “and”, “or”, “but”,& “nor” which are used to join successive words, phases or clauses in such a way that these conjunctions are even used where they might have been omitted.
synecdoche
is a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole to represent a part. distinguishing between this & metonymy often take some thoughtful consideration
tone
attitude of the writer toward audience
Process Analysis
Step by step breakdown of a process used to convey the details of each phase thinking an operation, etc. often used to improve understanding and also break down an argument to make it more comprehnsible
Syntax
set of rules in a language. Dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought, how we choose to arrange our words
Provocative Diction
Purposeful choice of words serving or trending to provoke, excite, or stimulate a provocative question that will frame a rhetorical question
Classification
Action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. Often is a strategy of argumentation or a argumentative response in an effort to provide the reader with structure to your argument
Understatement
If you win lottery, and you say ‘you are delighted’ you are making an understatement. Opposite of hyperbole or overstatement
Colorful Diction
Diction is your conscious choice of words as a writer. Stands to reason that ‘colorful diction’. Opposite of hyperbole or overstatement
Counter Argument
An argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument. When writing in the argumentative mode, it is MANDATORY that the writer acknowledge the ‘other’ side to his or her argument. It is part of the refutation of someone else’s claim to support your own ‘side’ of the argument that you are making
Claim
When someone provides an argument to support his/her position, the process is called making a claim. Different reasons are usually presented to prove why a certain point should be accepted or logical.
Evidence
Evidence is a type of literacy device that appears in different categories of essays and theses in the form of paraphrase and quotations. It is presented to persuade the readers and used with powerful arguments in the texts or essays. In rhetoric, when a person makes a claim or presents an argument, he needs to present evidence in support of his claim and argument. If there is no evidence, the claim stands squashed. The same is true with a case in law where a case or litigation is quashed, if there is no evidence to support the claim. However, literacy evidence is only used in literature, essays, and research papers for persuasion and convincing purposes.
Warrant
Glue that holds argument together. It links the evidence to the claim. It says something like “This evidence supports the claim because…” and it is always in a similar form that is more of a statement of support of ‘WHY’ your evidence supports your assertion/claim
Fallacy
an erroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention
Logical Fallacy
In argumentation, a formal fallacy is a pattern of reasoning/ thinking rendered invalid by a flow in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard logic system, for ex. propositional logic. An argument that is formally fallacious is always considered wrong
Prophecy
believe prediction is the same, but is incorrect. Has all elements of prediction except element of time. Has more religious connection since there is an element of uncertainty about time
Prediction
forecast made by those who calculate the parameters of the subject involved after the odds they can predict the future, Limited to a time element
Adage
a short, pointed and memorable saying based on facts, and is considered a veritable truth by the majority of people. Famous adages become popular due to their usage over a long, period of time. Expresses a general fact or truth about life.
Pedantic
someone who is concerned with precision, formalism, accuracy, minute details in order to make an arrogant and ostentatious show of learning. Could be a writer, character, feeling, or tone of words
Flippant
lacking proper respect or seriousness, often associated with the impatience of youth
