AP Lang. Vocab. 5

Question 1

Propoganda: Distortion of data or Out of Context or Card Stacking or Cherry Picking

Answer 1

This technique is used to convince the audience by using selected information and not presenting the complete story.

Question 2

Propoganda: Scapegoat

Answer 2

This is often used with guilt by association to deflect scrutiny away from those issues. It transfers blame to one person or group of people without investigating the complexities of the issue.

Question 3

Propoganda: Artificial Dichtonomy

Answer 3

When someone tries to claim there are only 2 sides to an issue and that both sides must have equal presentation in order to be evaluated. This technique is used to dupe us into believing there is only 1 way to look at an issue, when in fact there may be many alternative view points or “sides”. Like most propoganda techniques similar it simplifies reality and therefore distorts it often to the advantage of the speaker.

Question 4

Propoganda Perfication

Answer 4

When an idea is appeared to be made holy, sacred, or very special and therefore above all law. Any opposite view points are viewed as bad.

Question 5

Conceit

Answer 5

Develops a comparison which is exceedingly unlikely but is, none the less, intellectually imaginative. A comparison turns into a conceit when the writer tries to make us admit a similarity between this reason conceits are often surprising.

Question 6

Claim

Answer 6

If somebody gives an argument to support his position, it is called making a claim. Different reasons are usually presented to prove why a point should be accepted as logical.

Question 7

Catharsis

Answer 7

Is an emotional discharge through through which one can achieve a state of moral or spiritual renewal or achieve a state of liberation from anxiety and stress. Catharsis is a Greek word and it means cleansing. In literature, it is used for cleansing of emotions of the characters. It can also be any other radical change that leads to emotional rejuvenation of a person.

Question 8

Cliche

Answer 8

Refers to an expression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty. A cliche may also refer to actions and events which are predictable because of some previous events.

Question 9

Concession

Answer 9

Concession is a literary device used in argumentative writing where one acknowledges a point made by one’s opponent. It allows for different opinions and approaches toward an issue, indicating an understanding of what causes the actual debate or controversy. It demonstrates that the writer is a mature thinker and has considered the issue from all angles. Concession writing style also shows that the writer is a logical and fair minded person, able to realize that every argument has several sides to consider before it is presented. This type of writing can be considered strong as it finds common ground between you and your opponent.

Question 10

Portmanteau

Answer 10

Literary device in which 2 or more words are joined together to coin a new word. A portmanteau word is formed by blending parts of two or more words, but it always refers to a single concept. Somewhat different than an oxymoron.

Question 11

The coinage of Portmanteau

Answer 11

Involves linking or blending of 2 or more words and the new word formed in the process shares the same meanings as the original words. It is different from a compound word that in that it could have a completely different meaning from the words that it was coined from.

Question 12

Litotes

Answer 12

understatement, especially that in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary, as in “not bad at all.”

Question 13

Chiasmus

Answer 13

a reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases

Question 14

Anadiplosis

Answer 14

rhetorical term for the repetition of the last word of one line or clause to begin the next one. fear leads to anger. anger leads to hate, hate leads to suffering.

Question 15

invective

Answer 15

a verbally abusive attack

Question 16

circumlocation

Answer 16

the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea

Question 17

begging the question

Answer 17

supporting a claim with a reason that is really a restatement of the claim in different words

Question 18

adage

Answer 18

A saying or proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language.

Question 19

verisimilitude

Answer 19

similar to truth, quality of realism in a work that persuades the reader that he/she is getting a vision of life

Question 20

malapropism

Answer 20

a confused, comically inaccurate use of a long word or words

Question 21

cadence

Answer 21

The rising and falling rhythm of speech especially in free verse or prose.

Question 22

False Analogy

Answer 22

Error in assuming that because two things are alike in some ways, they are alike in all ways.

Question 23

Hasty Generalization

Answer 23

Unsound inductive inference based on insufficient, inadequate, unspecified evidence.

Question 24

non sequitur

Answer 24

a statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before

Question 25

Post Hoc

Answer 25

because one thing follows another, it is held to cause the other

Question 26

Polyphasic

Answer 26

excessive talking

Question 27

diatribe

Answer 27

a bitter, sharply abusive denunciation, attack, or criticism

Question 28

Appeal to Authority

Answer 28

A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution.

Question 29

Appeal to Igorance

Answer 29

fallacy based on the assumption that a statement must be true if it cant be proved false.

Question 30

Ad Hominem

Answer 30

instead of attacking an assertion, the argument attacks the person who made the assertion