AP Lang 21-40

Question 1

anaphora

Answer 1

in writing or in speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect. Possibly the oldest literary device, has its roots in Biblical Psalms used to emphasize certain words or phrases. Gradually, Elizabethan and Romantic writers brought this device into practice. “ This blessed plot, this earth,this realm, this England, this nurse, this teeming womb of royal kings[…] this land of such dear souls, this dear land.”

Question 2

epistrophe

Answer 2

this is derived from a Greek word that means turning upon, which indicates the same word returns at the end of a sentence. This is a stylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of clauses or sentences. It is also called epiphora. Examples are often found in literary pieces, in persuasive writing, and in speeches.

Question 3

asyndeton

Answer 3

derived from a Greek word that means unconnected. It is a stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and the sentence, yet maintain the grammatical accuracy. this literary tool helps in reducing the the indirect meaning of the phrase and presents it in a concise form. This helps in speeding up the rhythm of words. mostly this technique is employed in speech but can be used in written works.

Question 4

polysyndeton

Answer 4

this term comes from a Greek word meaning “bound together”. it makes the use of coordinating conjunctions like “and”, “or”, “but”, and “nor” (mostly and and or) which are used to join successive words, phrases, or clauses in such a way that these conjunctions are even used where they might have been omitted.

Question 5

synecdoche

Answer 5

a literary device in which part of something represents the whole or it may use the whole to represent a part. Distinguishing between this and metonymy often take some thoughtful consideration.

Question 6

process analysis

Answer 6

a step-by-step breakdown of the phases of a process, used to convey the details of each phase of thinking, an operation, etc. it is often used to improve understanding and also to breakdown an argument to make it more comprehensible.

Question 7

tone

Answer 7

in written composition, an attitude of a writer towards a subject or an audience. It is something important for the reader to “sense” to determine an argument. This is generally conveyed through the choice of words or the viewpoint of a writer on a particular subject.

Question 8

syntax

Answer 8

syntax is a set of rules in a language. it dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together. in ordere to convey a complete thought in plain english its ho w we choose to arrange our wqrds.

Question 9

provocative diction

Answer 9

diction is our choice of words. thus provocative diction is the purposeful choice of words serving or tending to provoke exciter or stimulate a provocative question that will frame a rhetorical argument.

Question 10

classification

Answer 10

the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics. this often is a strategy of argumentation or an argumentative response in an effort to provide the reader with the structure to your argument. it would be considered support to both logos and egos

Question 11

understatement

Answer 11

for example, you win 10million dollars in a lottery. when you tell a news reporter i am delighted you are making an understatement opposite of hyperbole or overstatement

Question 12

colorful diction

Answer 12

diction is your choice of words as a writer it stands to reason that colorful diction is a purposeful word choice that will serve to accentuate meaning and tone

Question 13

counter argumentation

Answer 13

an argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument. when writing in the argumentative mode it is mandatory to acknowledge the other side to his or her argument. it is of the refutation of someone else’s claim to support our own side of the argument

Question 14

claim

Answer 14

if someone gives you an argument to support his or her position it is called making a claim. reasons are usually presented to prove why a certain point should be accepted as logical.

Question 15

evidence

Answer 15

a type of literary device that appears in different categories of essays and thesis in the form of paraphrase and quotation it is presented to persuade the readers and used with powerful argument in the texts or essays in rhetoric when a person makes a claim or an argument he needs to support evidence in support of his claim and argument in order to establish veracity and authenticity of his claim or argument

Question 16

warrant

Answer 16

the glue that holds an argument together it links the evidence to the claim

Question 17

fallacy

Answer 17

an erroneous argument dependant upon an unsound or illogical contention

Question 18

logical fallacy

Answer 18

in argumentation, a formal fallacy is a pattern of reasoning /thinking rendered invalid as a flaw in its logical structure that can neatly be expressed in a standard illogical system, for example, propositional logic an argument that is formally fallacious is always considered wrong

Question 19

prophecy

Answer 19

many believe that prophecy and prediction are the same thing but they are mistaken both forecast the future it has all elements of prediction except time

Question 20

adage

Answer 20

an adage is a short pointed and memorable saying based on facts and is considered a veritable truth by the majority of people. famous adage become popular due to their use over a long period of time an adage expresses a fact or general truth about life. as it becomes popular it is then accepted as a universal truth