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AP GOVERNMENT > AP Government Unit 4 > Flashcards

AP Government Unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

what do core American political values affect?

A

-the relationship between citizens and the federal government
-the relationship between citizens and each other

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2
Q

individualism

A

a social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

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3
Q

equality of opportunity

A

political concept that people should be given equal chance to compete.

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4
Q

free enterprise

A

an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control.

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5
Q

rule of law

A

all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws

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6
Q

limited government

A

the concept where the governments’ power is limited through delegated and enumerated powers.

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7
Q

what is the impact of globalization

A

globalization leads to interconnected economies and cultures

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8
Q

political socialization

A

the process by which background traits influence one’s political views.

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9
Q

What factors contribute to the political socialization of individuals?

A

Generational Effects
Lifecycle Effects (Age stages of life)
Importance of Political Events
Personal experience of events
Lack of connection to events

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10
Q

political ideology

A

specific views about which policies and programs the government should pursue.

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11
Q

Liberal Ideology

A

favor more government involvement, more taxes, and stricter market regulations

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12
Q

Conservative Ideology

A

favor less government involvement, fewer taxes, and fewer market regulations.
better private sector

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13
Q

what are conservative beliefs

A

conservative = traditional beliefs

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14
Q

what side of the idealogical spectrum is conservatism on

A

reactionary side (the right)

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15
Q

what side of the idealogical spectrum is liberalism on

A

radical side (the left)

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16
Q

libertarian idealogy

A

disfavor govt interaction and instead favor the protection of individual rights, private property, and little regulation of the marketplace

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17
Q

party platform

A

a political parties official stated beliefs

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18
Q

republican party platform

A

political platform in favor of a conservative idealogical position, less federal government involvement and action

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19
Q

Democratic Party platform

A

political platform in favor of a liberal idealogical position, more federal government involvement, and action.

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20
Q

public opinion

A

refers to how people feel about certain things.

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21
Q

what were the founding fathers views on public opinion

A

the founding fathers believed that public opinion should play a limited role.

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22
Q

Political culture

A
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23
Q

What are the USA core values

A

Individualism
Equality of Opportunity
Free Enterprise
Rule of Law
Limited Government

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24
Q

Trustee Model

A

elected officials do what they feel is best and vote with conscience.

25
Q

Delegate Model

A

elected officials do what the constituents want and only vote as the people would

26
Q

Politico Model

A

elected officials vote as the people want with the exception of private unknown issues.

27
Q

Poll

A

an assessment of public opinion

28
Q

Exit poll

A

a poll conducted after voters have voted

29
Q

Identification of Respondents

A

when a poll has to identify the subject and specify the criteria for the subject

30
Q

Mass Survey

A

a way to measure public opinion by interviewing a large sample of the population

31
Q

Focus Groups

A

a demographically diverse group of people

32
Q

Type/format of questions

A

badly formatted questions could lead to inaccurate polling.

33
Q

Linkage institutions

A

media, voting, interest groups, and political parties that link citizens with the policy-making process.

34
Q

Random sample

A

a process of selecting a sample in a random way.

35
Q

Sampling error

A

error in a statistical analysis arising from the unrepresentativeness of the sample taken.

36
Q

suffrage

A

the right to vote in political elections

37
Q

electorate

A

all the people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election.

38
Q

Keynesian theory

A

theory that the govt should be more active in managing the economy, and spend more money in recessions.

39
Q

Supply-side theory

A

political theory that lower taxes and fewer regulations will stimulate the economy.

40
Q

Laissez Faire- Capitalism

A

the concept of keeping gov’t out of business other than protecting
personal property and individual liberties

41
Q

Liberal ideology about govt involvement in social issues

A

-More government welfare programs
-More government health care programs
-More govt Affirmative Action programs

42
Q

Conservative ideology about govt involvement in social issues

A

conservatives believe in less government involvement in solving social issues.

43
Q

Libertarian ideology about govt involvement in social issues

A

-Liberarterians favor little to no govt funded social programs

44
Q

How are ideologies are reflected in political parties and public policy and laws

A

liberal party reflects a left idealogy with more govt involvement, more taxes, and stricter market regulations.
Conservative party reflects a right ideology with less govt involvement, fewer taxes, and fewer market regulations.

45
Q

what are linkage institutions

A

Institutions that link citizens to the policy-making process in the USA.

46
Q

what are examples of linkage institutions

A

media
voting
interest groups
political parties

47
Q

what does federalist #10 say about the founding fathers views on public opinion?

A

Federalist #10 says that what people demand from the govt is usually not in their best interest.

48
Q

What are examples of scientific polling

A

Polls such as the Gallup poll and the Pew Research poll.

49
Q

what are scientific polls used by politicians for?

A

what voters want
what issues to focus on
what to say / wear
trying to win elections

50
Q

how does public opinion impact policy debate

A

impacts what policies Americans will support and follow and policies that may get Congress members reelected.

51
Q

how does public opinion impact an election

A

impacts who runs in an election, what issues are focused on by candidates, and what issues lead to victory/debate.

52
Q

monetary policy

A

a set of actions to control a nations money growth while achieving economic growth

53
Q

fiscal policy

A

the use of govt spending and tax policies to influence economic conditions.

54
Q

Conservative vs liberal views on foreign policy.

A

Conservatives favor the prioritization of their own countries’ interests over foreign nations
Liberals favor involvement in other countries’ problems, international affairs, and wars.

55
Q

conservative vs liberal views on social policy

A

Liberals favor addressing social issues by spending and providing govt services
Conservatives favor the preservation of traditional values over solving social issues.

56
Q

how does Congress assist in the creation of economic policy

A

Congress uses taxes to gather funds for public policy and uses spending to solve social + economic issues.
Congress uses the ways + means and appropriation committees to manage the federal budget.

57
Q

how does the President assist in the creation of economic policy

A

the president manages discretion over fiscal policy and influences monetary policy.

58
Q

how does the federal reserve assist in the creation of economic policy

A

the federal reserve manages the federal system to ensure it supports a strong economy.

AP GOVERNMENT (5 decks)

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