AP gov unit 4-Ideologies Flashcards
Individualism
giving priority to one’s goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.
Equality of opportunity
the idea that each person is guaranteed the same chance to succeed in life
Free enterprise
The ability of individual people and businesses to make money with minimal interference by the government
Rule of Law
all citizens and government institutions are subject to the law and the justice system
Political socialization
the process by which people learn about their government and acquire the beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors associated with good citizenship.
Political ideology
one’s basic set of beliefs or opinions about power, political values, and the role of government.
Conservative
One who favors more limited and local government, less government regulation of markets, and more social conformity to traditional norms and values
Liberal
One who favors more government regulation of business and support for social welfare but less regulation of private social conduct.
Democrat
one of the two major contemporary political parties in the US
Republican
the GOP is one of the 2 major contemporary political parties in the United States
Libertarian
Libertarians seek to max political freedom, emphasizing equality before the law and civil rights to freedom
Supply side economics
increasing the supply of goods translates to economic growth for a country
Keynesian Economics
The belief the government manages the economy by spending more money when in a recession and cutting spending when there is inflation
Monetary Policy
regulates the money supply, controlling inflation/deflation, adjusting the interest rates to regulate the economy
Fiscal Policy
using government spending and taxation to influence the economy
Generational effect
Significant historical or cultural events that can permanently affect the political attitudes of the people who lived through them
Life cycle effect
the way that a person’s political views can change over the course of their life as they age and experience different stages of life
Opinion Poll
a survey or a poll, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample
Tracking poll
continuous surveys that enable a campaign or news organization to chart a candidates daily rise or fall in support
Benchmark poll
initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and against which later polls are compared.
Exit Poll
public opinion surveys used by major media pollsters to predict electoral winner with speed and percussion
