ap gov chap 3 Flashcards
A system, where the central government has all of the power over subnational governments
Unitary system
A system, where the sub national governments have most of the power
Confederal system
A system where power is divided between the national and state governments
Federal system
Powers only the national government may exercise
Exclusive powers
Grants Congress, the authority to regulate interstate, business, and commercial activity
Commerce clause
Language an article 1 section 8 granting Congress, the power necessary to carry out its enumerated powers
Necessary and proper clause
Reserved powers, not delegated to the national government to the states and the people the basis of federalism
10th amendment
powers, not given to the national government, which are retained by the states and the people
Reserved powers
Powers granted to both states and the federal government in the constitution
Concurrent powers
Constitutional clause requiring states to recognize the public acts, records, and civil court proceedings from another state
Full faith and credit clause
The requirement that officials in one state return a defendant to another state where the crime was committed
Extradition
Prevent states from discriminating against people from out of state
Privileges and and immunities clause
Constitutional amendment that outlawed slavery
13th amendment
Constitutional amendment asserting that persons born in the US or citizens and prohibit states from denying persons due process or equal protection under the law
14th amendment
Constitutional amendment that gave African-Americans the right to vote
15th amendment
A form of American federalism in which the states in the nation operate independently in their own areas of public policy
Dual federalism
The process through which the Supreme Court applies fundamental rights in the Bill of Rights to the states on a case by case basis
Selective incorporation
A form of American federalism in which the states and the national government work together to shape public policy
Cooperative federalism
Federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives
Grants in aid
The federal governments use of grants in aid to influence policy in the states
Fiscal federalism
Grants in aid, provided to states with specific provisions on their use
Categorical grants
Federal requirement that the states must follow without being provided with funding
Unfunded mandates
A type of grants in aid that gives states officials more authority in the disbursement of federal funds
Block Grant
when the federal government apportions tax money to the states, with no strings attached
Revenue sharing
