Ap Final

Question 1

Chi-Square Formula

Answer 1

(observed value - expected value)² / expected value
you do this for all the variables and then add them all together

Question 2

How to Calculate Chi-Square goodness of fit

Answer 2

1. Put observed values in L1 and expected values in L2
2. Go to GOF Test in stat-tests
3. Degree of freedom is number of categories minus 1
4. Use p-value to reject/fail to reject null hypothesis :)

Question 3

Z Tests

Answer 3

• Typically deals with proportions or percentages
• Compare the sample mean (μ) to the population mean (μ0)
• Population variance is known
• Used when you have a large sample size (typically more than 30)

Question 4

T Tests

Answer 4

• Compares sample data
• Population variance is unknown
• Used when you have a small sample size (typically less than 30)

Question 4

How to describe a Least Squares Regression Line on a FRQ

Answer 4

C – Context
D – Direction (positive/negative)
O – Outliers
F – Form (linear/non-linear)
S – Strength (strong/moderate/weak)

Question 5

How to make Confidence Interval from Least Squares Regression Line

Answer 5

Constant Coefficient (Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Table) aka the y intercept multiplied by Income Coefficient (Predictor Coef SE Coef T P Table) aka the slope

Multiplied by t critical value
1. Subtract 2 from number of categories for degrees of freedom
2. 2nd –> VARS –> 4: InvT
3. 0.025 for 95% confidence interval

Slope plus or minus the y intercept multiplied w ith t critical value is confidence interval

Question 6

What a zero in the confidence interval means

Answer 6

there is no statistically meaningful or statistically significant difference between the groups

Question 7

Conditions of hypothesis test or confidence interval of Least Squared Regression line

Answer 7

L - Linear (not curved)
I - Independent (less than 10% of everything is sampled)
N - Normal (vibe it out idk)
E – Equal SD (look for heteroscedasticity, as in the line growing in opposite directions instead of being linear)
R - Random (duh)

Question 8

x̄

Answer 8

Sample Mean

Question 9

Sx

Answer 9

Sample Standard Deviation

Question 10

μ

Answer 10

Mean

Question 11

μ0

Answer 11

Mean from Null Hypothesis

Question 12

μA

Answer 12

Mean from Alternative Hypothesis

Question 13

Test to compare paired t values

Answer 13

T test

Question 13

Test to compare independent t values

Answer 13

One sample t interval

Question 14

σ

Answer 14

Standard Deviation