AP EXAM: reformers & activists Flashcards
What did Bartolome De Las Casas advocate for?
The rights of Indigenous peoples in the Americas
He was one of the first to criticize European colonial abuse and influenced early human rights thought.
What was Roger Williams known for?
Separation of church and state, religious freedom
He founded Rhode Island and laid groundwork for First Amendment.
Who challenged Puritan religious authority and gender roles?
Anne Hutchinson
She was an early advocate for religious freedom and women’s rights.
What conflict did King Philip lead?
King Philip’s War
It was one of the bloodiest conflicts in colonial America.
What was George Whitefield’s role during the Great Awakening?
Evangelical preacher
He helped spread revivalist religion and encouraged individual faith.
What was Tecumseh’s objective?
To unite Native tribes against U.S. expansion
He led resistance against the U.S. during the early 1800s and became a symbol of Native unity.
Who founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
Richard Allen
He was a key figure in early Black religious and community leadership.
What did Charles G. Finney believe in?
Individual salvation and reform
He was a leader in the Second Great Awakening and inspired social reform movements like abolition and temperance.
What philosophies did Ralph Waldo Emerson promote?
Individualism, self-reliance, and transcendentalism
He influenced American literature and progressive social reformers.
Who was a radical abolitionist that published ‘The Liberator’?
William Lloyd Garrison
He pushed for immediate emancipation and helped shape the abolitionist movement.
What issues did The Grimke Sisters advocate for?
Against slavery and for women’s rights
They were among the first women to speak publicly against slavery.
Who was a former enslaved person turned abolitionist and orator?
Frederick Douglass
He became a key leader in abolition and an advisor to presidents, promoting equal rights.
What was Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s contribution to women’s rights?
Organized Seneca Falls Convention
She co-authored the Declaration of Sentiments.
What did Susan B. Anthony advocate for?
Women’s suffrage and equality
She was a key figure in the women’s suffrage movement and helped lead to the 19th Amendment.
What was Sitting Bull known for?
Resisting U.S. expansion
He helped defeat Custer at Little Bighorn and became a symbol of Native resistance.
What was Jane Addams a pioneer in?
Settlement house movement and social work
She advocated for social reform and founded Hull House.
What did John Muir advocate for?
National parks and conservation
He helped establish the National Park System.
Who was a prominent voice for agrarian reform and the Populist movement?
Mary Lease
She fought for farmers and the working class.
What vision did Henry Grady promote?
The ‘New South’ vision of industrialization
He helped reshape Southern identity post-Civil War.
What did Booker T. Washington advocate for?
Vocational education for Black Americans
He promoted gradual economic self-reliance over immediate civil rights.
What did W.E.B. DuBois demand?
Full civil rights and higher education for Black Americans
He co-founded NAACP and was the first Black Harvard PhD.
What movement did Marcus Garvey lead?
Back-to-Africa movement
He was a Black nationalist and advocated Pan-Africanism and self-reliance.
What was Ida B. Wells known for?
Exposing lynching and racial injustice
She was a pioneer of investigative journalism and early civil rights activism.
