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Psych > AP EXAM > Flashcards

AP EXAM Flashcards

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1
Q

Situation with one goal that has desirable and undesirable aspects, a pro and a con — makes one unsure

A

Approach-avoidance conflict

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2
Q

Adolescents developing a sense of identity, exploring different social roles

A

Erikson’s stage of identity vs role confusion

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3
Q

Transferring emotion burden from one entity to another, blaming someone else for something bad

A

Defense mechanism of displacement

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4
Q

When a person has been under stress for such a long time that it weakens their immune system

A

Exhaustion stage of Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome

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5
Q

Releases cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine during fight or flight

A

Adrenal Gland

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6
Q

Branches extending from the cell body that receive chemical messages via neurotransmitters

A

Dendrites

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7
Q

Long tube-like extension that sends electrical message (action potential) away from the cell body of the neuron

A

Axon

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8
Q

Regularly spaced gaps in myelin sheath along the axon that enable ion exchange

A

Nodes of Ranvier

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9
Q

Extremely narrow space between terminal button of the sending neuron and the receptor site of the receiving dendrite — location of neurotransmission

A

Synapse

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10
Q

Pleasure, reward, movement, learning, attention

Lack: Parkinson’s
Excess: Schizophrenia

A

Dopamine

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11
Q

Memory and movement

Lack: Alzheimer’s
Excess: Muscle Convulsions

A

Acetylcholine (AcH)

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12
Q

Mood, appetite, sleep

Lack: Depression, eating disorders, sleep wake disorders, aggression

A

Serotonin

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13
Q

Mood and sleep

Lack: Depression
Excess: Anxiety

A

Norepinephrine

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14
Q

Memory and learning

Excess: Migraines and Seizures

A

Glutamate

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15
Q

Relaxation and sleep, major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Lack: Anxiety, seizures, insomnia

A

GABA

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16
Q

Inhibit pain signals

Lack: lower pain threshold, heroin and opioid addiction
Excess: higher pain threshold, runners high

A

Endorphins

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17
Q

Automatic survival functions, send and receive information, damage will result in death

A

Brainstem

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18
Q

“Little Brain” Balance and coordination, fine motor movements, procedural memory

A

Cerebellum

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19
Q

Sleep and arousal, dreams, facial expressions, a pillow atop the brain stem

A

Pons

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20
Q

Survival functions, heartbeat, breathing, digestion, reflexes, sneezing, coughing, vomiting, swallowing

A

Medulla ❤️

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21
Q

Arousal to stimuli, attentiveness, filters incoming stimuli - damage causes coma

A

Reticular formation

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22
Q

Smooth voluntary body movements, lack of dopamine hurts and causes Parkinson’s

A

Basal Ganglia

23
Q

Filters and relays sensory information except smell to appropriate parts of cerebral cortex, banker that manages all the money

A

Thalamus

24
Q

Three parts of the limbic system

A

Hippocampus, Amyglada, Hypothalamus

25
Q

Relays information between two hemispheres of the brain

A

Corpus callosum

26
Q

Conscious thoughts and actions, working memory, short term and long term planning

A

Prefrontal cortex

27
Q

Controls facial muscle movements required for speech production

A

Broca’s Area

28
Q

Touch and body position, left controls sensation for right side of body, and right controls sensation for left side of body

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

29
Q

Language comprehension, meaningful statements

A

Wernicke’s Area

30
Q

Classical Conditioning Person

A

Pavlov

31
Q

Operant conditioning person

A

Skinner

32
Q

Learning theory person

A

Thorndike

33
Q

Behaviorists

A

Watson and Garcia

34
Q

Wolfgang Kohler, unique solutions, “aha” moment

A

Insight learning

35
Q

Thinking about thinking

A

Metacognition

36
Q

Memory that registers auditory info

A

Echoic memory

37
Q

Memory that registers visual info

A

Iconic memory

38
Q

Declarative, when we try to consciously recall information

A

Explicit memory

39
Q

Non-declarative, info we unintentionally remember

A

Implicit memory

40
Q

Remembering to do or not do something in the future

A

Prospective memory

41
Q

Herman Ebbinghouse’s idea that memory deteriorates over time and needs reinforcement to remmeber

A

Forgetting Curve

42
Q

Elizabeth Loftus’ idea of how memory changes by what one is told

A

Misinformation effect

43
Q

Associating memory with something in a familiar place, mneumonic

A

Method of Loci

44
Q

Making a conclusion about someone based on past knowledge/prototype/schema — assuming a nurse is a woman

A

Representative heuristic

45
Q

Things easy to recall, assuming your plane will crash because you heard a crash on the news the day before

A

Availability heuristic

46
Q

Only looking for information that support your beliefs and ignore the information that goes against beliefs

A

Confirmation Bias

47
Q

Cultural norms on how to express an emotion

A

Display Rules

48
Q

Thinking about information in a meaningful way to remember it better, remembering a number by associating it with an address

A

Semantic encoding

49
Q

Structuralism Person

A

Edward Titchner

50
Q

Functionalism person

A

William James

51
Q

Physiological arousal then emotion

A

James Lange Theory

52
Q

Physiological and emotion at same time

A

Cannon Bard Theory

53
Q

Physiological arousal then identifying reason using a cognitive to be label - then emotion

A

Schachter Singer (two factor)

Psych (6 decks)

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