ap euro u10

Question 1

Analyze the similarities and differences between Communism and Fascism

Answer 1

similarities: desire to revolutionize state/society; rejected parliamentary gov + liberal values; promised to improve the lives of ordinary workers
differences: com- international brotherhood of workers; wanted to smooth out social classes (no social class above another); destruction of classes
fascism- build a new community on a national level; did not try to level classes; racial homogeneity (selective breeding- eugenics)

Question 2

Explain the purpose of Lenin’s New Economic Policy (NEP)

Answer 2

the NEP re-established limited economic freedom (sprinkle of capitalism) in attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in WWI. Allowed peasants to sell the crops they grow for profit. It was a temporary compromise between the government and the peasant majority. It brought rapid economic recovery.

Question 3

Analyze the success of Stalin’s program of five-year plans for the industrialization of Soviet Russia.

Answer 3

Rapid industrialization mandated by the 5 year plan. State planning commission was created to set production goals/control deliveries of materials. Soviet industry produced about 4x as much in 1937 than in 1928.

Question 4

Analyze the roles and power of women in the new Stalinist Russian state

Answer 4

Stalin reversed the trend of women working outside the home- the government revoked many laws supporting womens emancipation in order to strengthen the traditional family and build up the states population. Women had better education, were better paid, many women became nurses/in the medical field. given worse jobs to encourage them to stay home

Question 5

Explain the circumstances under which Mussolini rose to power in Italy. Identify his goals and tactics.

Answer 5

Circumstances: Much of the Italian population was still poor; Catholics, conservatives, and landowners opposed liberal institutions; powerful socialist movements had developed; Italy was politically fragmented (peasants attached to villages, not state); problems caused by WWI- minimal gains despite Big Four status.
Goals: authoritarian state, corporate economy
Tactics: organized the population into different syndicates, abolishment of trade unions