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GCSE Music > AOS4 > Flashcards

AOS4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Give 2 characteristics of Serialism:

A
  • Atonal
  • Disjunct
  • Extremes of dynamics and pitch
  • Sparse textures
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2
Q

Give 2 characteristics of Minimalism:

A
  • Layering patterns, use of technology
  • Repetitive
  • Tonal
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3
Q

Give 2 Characteristics of Impressionism:

A
  • Dreamy and mystical sounding
  • Experimenting with texture and playing techniques
  • Ambiguous tonality
  • Dissonance and extended chords used
  • Whole tone scale used
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4
Q

Give 2 characteristics of expressionism:

A
  • Angular and spiky melodies
  • Atonality and dissonance
  • Extreme dynamics
  • Constantly changing textures
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5
Q

Name 3 general features of Minimalist music:

A
  • Use of cells that are repeated with slight changes
  • Often no clear melody
  • Can often sound complex
  • Diatonic and static harmony
  • Use of Drones
  • Broken chords used to form cells
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6
Q

Name 3 minimalist techniques:

A
  • Augmentation
  • Diminution
  • Addition/Additive melody
  • Phase shift
  • Subtraction
  • Melodic
    transformation/Metamorphosis
  • Rhythmic displacement
  • Polyrhythms
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7
Q

What is meant by Augmentation?

A

Notes values are doubled in length or widening intervals

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8
Q

What is diminution?

A

Note values are halved or intervals and reduced

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9
Q

What is phase shift?

A

Identical loops played at the same time but at different speeds

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10
Q

What is Addition/Additive melody?

A

Adding one at two notes at a time to build up a motif

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11
Q

What is melodic transformation?

A

Gradually changing from one motif to another by making small changing

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12
Q

What is rhythmic displacement?

A

Composer will move the rhythm along by a few beats or accent one beat to change emphasis

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13
Q

Give 2 features of the music of Malcolm Arnold:

A
  • Made use of folk characteristics
  • Wrote concertos for atypical instrument
  • Dissonance often features
  • Wrote for wind bands and brass bands
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14
Q

Give 2 characteristics of the music of Benjamin Britten:

A
  • Tonal
  • Programmatic in nature
  • Showcases instrument techniques
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15
Q

Give 2 characteristics of the music of Peter Maxwell Davies:

A
  • Experimented with serialism and expressionism
  • Dissonant contrapuntal textures
  • Scottish influences
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16
Q

Give 2 characteristic of the music of John Tavener:

A
  • Tonal, though some dissonance is featured
  • Sparse textures
  • Electronic sounds in his music
  • Use of modes and serialist techniques
17
Q

Give 2 key characteristics of the Orchestral Music of Aaron Copland:

A
  • Jazz and blues influences
  • Tonal
  • Strong rhythmic quality
  • Syncopation
  • Made us of solo instruments
  • Homophonic texture
18
Q

Give 2 characteristics of the music of Kodaly:

A
  • Influenced by Debussy’s impressionist style
  • Use of pentatonic scale
  • Syncopation
19
Q

Give 2 characteristics of the music of Bartok:

A
  • Atonal, experimented with tonality
  • Change of metre and unusual metres
  • Experiments with timbre and instrumental techniques
20
Q

Characteristics of Hungarian Music:

A

• Chromatic harmony
• Dissonance
• Hungarian minor scale: raise the 4th
to create a tritone
• Rapid changes of time signature and
metre
• Unusual time signatures
• Melodies based on Hungarian folk
tunes
• Melodies based around the
pentatonic scale
• Extreme dynamics
• Syncopated and dotted rhythms
• Tonal ambiguity
• Uneven phrases
• Unusual instrumental techniques

21
Q

Characteristics of minimalism

A

• Contains excerpts of folk songs (nationalism)
• Usually does have a tonal centre, but is normally unclear
• Rich harmonies
• Expressive
• Expressionism -> extension of
Romanticism
• Angular, spiky melodies
• Dissonance and atonality
• Serialism used (Maxwell-Davies)
• Unusual timbres used

GCSE Music (12 decks)

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