AOS 2.6

Question 1

Management by objectives

Answer 1

both managers and employees collaboratively setting individual employee goals that contribute to the achievement of broader business objectives

Question 2

Management by objectives (+)

Answer 2

+ Can create a positive working environment and strengthen corporate culture through achievement of employee
+ Employees are involved in the process of developing objectives and are more likely to be committed to achieving their goals

Question 3

Management by objectives (-)

Answer 3

-If too many goals are set, employees may become stressed and overwhelmed, leading to a decrease in motivation and employee productivity
-Developing objectives may desire monetary rewards or promotions, increasing business expenses

Question 4

Performance appraisals

Answer 4

involve a manager assessing the performance of an employee against a range of criteria, providing feedback and establishing plans for future improvements

Question 5

Performance appraisals (+)

Answer 5

+ Communication between managers and employees during one-on-one reviews can improve workplace relationships
+ Results from performance appraisal process can outline areas where employees are struggling and training can be implemented to resolve issues

Question 6

Performance appraisals (-)

Answer 6

• This process can be time consuming as managers individually review each employee’s performance
• Staff who perform well may desire a promotion or financial reward, increasing business expenses

Question 7

Self-evaluation

Answer 7

involves an employee assessing their individual performance against a set of criteria

Question 8

Self-evaluation (+)

Answer 8

+ The employer can gain insight into an employee’s understanding of their own strengths and weaknesses and assign work accordingly
+ Employees can increase their employability, as they highlight their own weaknesses to managers, which can lead to training opportunities and skill development

Question 9

Self-evaluation (-)

Answer 9

• If an employee is biased or dishonest in assessing their performance, a manager will not gain reliable information
• Employees may underestimate or exaggerate their own skills, therefore the evaluation may not be reliable and accurate

Question 10

Employee Observation

Answer 10

involves a range of employees from different levels of authority assessing another employee’s performance against a set of criteria

Question 11

Employee observation (+)

Answer 11

+ Employees that are observing others may identify the strengths of other employees and then mimic this behaviour
+ Employees may be responsive to feedback provided by peers as they value their opinion

Question 12

Employee Observation (-)

Answer 12

• Employees may feel stressed if they are made aware that they are being observed
• Making other staff assess an employee’s performance can disrupt their normal workflow and business productivity