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HHD > AOS 2 Nutrition and Determinants > Flashcards

AOS 2 Nutrition and Determinants Flashcards

1
Q

What is BMR?

A

Basal Metabolic Rate - the amount of energy required to sustain basic functioning of the human body

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2
Q

Factors that influence BMR

A

Age

Growth

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3
Q

How does age affect BMR?

A

BMR decreases with age, due to lowering in muscle mass. the BMR decreases by 2% per decade after 20.

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4
Q

How does growth affect BMR?

A

Individuals undergoing growth (youth) require more energy to build tissues and increase blood volume.

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5
Q

What is the function of carbs?

A

To provide fuel for energy, youth are growing at a rapid rate and therefore require a lot of energy for metabolism and growth

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6
Q

What is a food source of carbs?

A

Bread, pasta, fruit and vegies

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7
Q

What happens if you have a deficiency in carbs?

A

If we don’t eat enough CHO we will have no energy and our body will eat away at our fat and protein stores, our body enters a ketosis stage

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8
Q

What is the function for protein?

A

The main function is to build, maintain and repair body cells
Producing energy

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9
Q

What is the food source of protein?

A

Meat, plants, legumes and nuts

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10
Q

What happens when your deficient in protein?

A

The body cannot build, maintain and repair muscles

Blood clots

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11
Q

What is the function of fat?

A

The main function is to act as fuel for energy, it also and maintains cell membranes

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12
Q

What is a food source of fat?

A

Mono and Poly -Fish, canola, nuts and seeds

Trans and saturated - fatty meats, full cream milk and cheese

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13
Q

What happens when your deficient in fat?

A

Underweight

Good - Higher risk of heart diseases

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14
Q

What is the function of calcium?

A

Required for building bone and other tissues during periods of growth and keeping them strong

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15
Q

What is a food source of calcium?

A

dairy products
salmon
green leafy vegetables

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16
Q

What happens when your deficient in calcium?

A

If you are deficient in calcium then your bones may not grow properly and become weak and brittle and in old age develop osteoporosis

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17
Q

What id the function of Vit A?

A

Cell division
Cell differentiation
Development of immune system

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18
Q

What is a food source of Vit A?

A

Red, orange and yellow

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19
Q

What happens when your deficient in Vit A?

A

Blindness
Scaly skin
Reproduction problems

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20
Q

What is the function of Vit D?

A

The role is to absorb calcium from the intestine into the bloodstream.

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21
Q

What is a food source of Vit D?

A

Sources are, the sun, fish, cheese and egg yolks

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22
Q

What happens when your deficient in Vit D?

A

Weak bones

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23
Q

What is the function of B vitamins 1,2&3

A

Vitamins b1, b2 and b3; are essential to metabolise or convert fuels into energy.

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24
Q

What is a food source of B vits 1,2&3

A

Vitamins b1, b2 and b3; vegemite, cereals, bread, eggs, meats, fish, dark leafy greens and milk.

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25
Q

What happens when your deficient in B vits 1,2&3

A

Vitamins b1, b2 and b3; lack of energy slowed growth of hard and soft tissues.

26
Q

What is the function of iron?

A

The haem in haemoglobin which carries the oxygen in the blood

27
Q

What are food sources of iron?

A

lean meat, fish, eggs, nuts, brown rice, tofu, bread and leafy green vegies

28
Q

What happens when your deficient in iron?

A

Anaemia

29
Q

What is the function of water?

A

Providing a medium for all chemical reactions required to provide energy and produce soft tissue, key component of many cells, tissues and systems and key component of blood.

30
Q

What are the food sources of water?

A

Vegies, fruits, tap water

31
Q

What happens with your deficient in water?

A

Dehydration, death

32
Q

What are the nutrients for energy?

A 
Carbs
Fats
Proteins
B group vits
Iron
Water
33
Q

What are the roles of nutrients in energy?

A

cabrs, fats, protiens - fuel for enrgy
b vits - release of energy
iron - carries oxygen
water - transports b vits and for chemical reactions

34
Q

What are the nutrients for blood?

A 
preotine
vit c
fats
vit a
iron
b6, folate, b12
water
35
Q

What are the roles of the nutrients in blood?

A

protein - building material, forms globin
vit c -assists in iron absorption
fat- formation of cell membranes
vit a - cell division
iron - haem
b6, folate and b12 - dna synthesis, red blood cell formation
water - main component

36
Q

what are the nutrients for soft tissue?

A 
protein 
folate
vit c
fat
vit a
water
37
Q

What is the role for nutrients in soft tissue?

A

protein - building material
folate - promotes cell division and tissue growth
vit c - forms connective tissue
fat - maintain and develop cell membrane
vit a - cell division
water - medium for chemical reactions, in soft tissue cells

38
Q

What are the nutrients in hard tissue?

A 
protein
vit c
vit a
calcium
vit d
39
Q

what are the role of the nutrients in har tissue

A 
protein - main building material
vit c - forms connective tissue
vit a - required for cell division
calcium - works with phosphorus to produce hard tissue
vit d - absorbs calcium
40
Q

Short term consequences of nutrient imbalance

A 
fibre - constipation
calcium - weak bones, hair loss
water - dehydration
iron - lack of energy
carbs (high GI) - overweight
carbs, fats and protein - overweight, underweight
saturated and trans fat - overweight
41
Q

Long term consequences of nutrient imbalance

A 
fibre - colorectal cancer, bowel cancer
calcium - osteoporosis
water - death
iron - anaemia
carbs (high GI) - dental caries
carbs, fats, proteins - obesity, anorexia
sat and trans fat - heart diseases
42
Q

What are the food selection models?

A

Australian guide to healthy eating
Healthy eating pyramid
Australian dietary guidelines

43
Q

Australian guide to healthy eating

A

Is a dinner plate which shows proportions of each food group you should be consuming

44
Q

Australian dietary guidelines

A

are targeted towards health professioals, to provide information on how to avoid nutritional imbalances

45
Q

Healthy living pyramid

A

is a four layer pyramid showing the proportion of the food groups that should be consumed.

46
Q

Differences in the AGHE and HLP

A

AGHE is a dinner plate, shows discretionary foods, shows water
HLP is apyramid, doesn’t show water, tells you to be active, enjoy spices

47
Q

What are the determinants of health?

A

Biological, behavioural, social, physical environment

48
Q

What is a behavioural determinant?

A

the actions or patterns of living of an individual or group that affect health

49
Q

what is a social determinant?

A

aspects of society and the social environvment that impact on health

50
Q

What is a physical environment determinant?

A

the physical surroundings in which we live, work and play.

51
Q

What are the behavioural determinants?

A

sun protection, physical activity, substance use, sexual practices, skills in developing and maintaining friendships, seeking help from health professionals

52
Q

What are the social determinants?

A

Family cohesion, socioeconomic status of parents, media, community and civic participation

53
Q

What are the physical environment determinants?

A

tabacco smoke in the home, work environment, housing environment, access to recreational facilities

54
Q

Function of folate b9?

A

Folate; growth and development, DNA synthesis and required for cells to duplicate in periods of growth. Develops red blood cells.

55
Q

Function of b12?

A

Vitamin b12; forms red blood cells and makes them the correct size and shape to enable them to transport oxygen through the body

56
Q

Deficient in folate b9

A

Folate; anaemia

57
Q

Deficiency in b12

A

Anaemia

58
Q

Food source of folate b9

A

Folate ; green leafy vegies, citrus fruits

59
Q

Food source for b12

A

Meat, cheese, eggs

60
Q

function of vit c?

A

making collagen

absorption of iron

61
Q

food source of vit c

A

oranges, green leafy vegies

62
Q

deficiency in vit c

A

anaemia

HHD (4 decks)

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