aos 1 (sac 1)

Question 1

biological isolation (characteristics)

Answer 1

50 million years ago Australia split from Gondwana to become one continent, due to isolation nothing could arrive or leave they have to adapt to Australian condition. the water rat adapted into a platypus due to lack of breeding partners, eucalyptus became more dominant.

Question 2

geological stability (characteristics)

Answer 2

50 million years ago Australia drifted into the centre of the Indo - Australian tectonic plate resulting in increased stability to tectonic movement therefore little soil nutrients. Eucalyptus dominate as long root structure was able to gain access to deep water under the ground. Koalas adapted by eating more Eucalyptus leafs as the only animal to eat poisonous leaf.

Question 3

climate variations (characteristics)

Answer 3

Australia is faced with erratic weather patterns of floods (la nina) and drought (el nino). Eucalyptus leaves hang down to keep them out of the midday sun so they recieve light but don’t lose too much water. Wombats burrow underground to conserve energy, allowing them to keep warm in the winter but also cool in the summer, also from fires.

Question 4

shell midden

Answer 4

remnants of feast close to rivers and beaches containing shells and stone flakes. found at forest cave

Question 5

scarred trees

Answer 5

usually box/red gum trees with sections of bark removed to create canoes, shields and shelter. near Corinella where the indigenous paddled to phillip island.

Question 6

mounds

Answer 6

mounts of earth containing charcoal from fires, remnants of clay ovens, shells and bones

Question 7

perception of the land (before settlement)

Answer 7

Bunurong perceived the land as mother, were custodians/caretakers of the land at Phillip Island and were there to protect it

Question 8

Nomadic Lifestyles (Interactions before settlement)

Answer 8

travelled to Phillip Island in the summer months at swan lake (had previously spent the winter in Dandenong Cranbourne). Swan lake is where they camped and found food such as short tailed sheer water

Question 9

Hunter Gathering (Interactions before settlement)

Answer 9

this occurred around Swan Lake at Phillip Island where they would hunt animals such as Cape Barron Geese, Short tailed sheer water, wallaby, Penguins

Question 10

Fire Stick Farming (Interactions before settlement)

Answer 10

Setting fire to particular parts of the land allowing for regeneration and flush animals out

Question 11

Nomadic lifestyles (impacts before settlement)

Answer 11

Bunurong moved season to season to protect the land, ensuring they didn’t deplete resources to make sure there were resources for return the following year. light the land allowed regeneration of the land which attracted animals

Question 12

Hunter Gathering (impacts before settlement)

Answer 12

The Bunurong’s impact on Swan Lake was minimal. They only hunted what was needed and ensured species were protected evidently at SANCTUARY ZONES where they were banned from hunting the area. This protected the population numbers of Cape Barron Geese, Wallaby and short tailed sheer water. This meant the next year there was a large population of food they could hunt.