aos 1 - chapter 2 Flashcards
Define health status
An individuals or a population overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.
Define health indicators
Standard statistics that are used to measure and compare health status, e.g. life expectancy, mortality rates, morbidity rates.
Examples of health indicators
- self assessed health status
- life expectancy
- mortality
- morbidity
- burden of disease
Define life expectancy
An indication of how long a person can expect to live; it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.
Define mortality
Refers to deaths in a population. The mortality is an indication of how many deaths occurred in a population in a given period of time for specific causes.
Define YLL
Years of life lost - a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.
Define morbidity
Refers to ill-health, including disease, injury and disability, in an individual and the levels of ill-health in a population or group.
Define incidence
A measure used to present morbidity data. Refers to the number (or rate) of new cases of a disease/condition in a population during a given period.
Prevalence
A measure used to present morbidity data. The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Define YLDs
Years lost to Disability - a measure of how many ‘healthy’ years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability.
Define wellbeing
The absence of physical illness, disease and mental distress.
Define health
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Define physical health
Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.
Define social health
Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.
What are the 3 dimensions of health?
Physical, social, mental
Define DALYs
Disability adjusted life years - a measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
Define burden of disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; speci cally it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.
Define mental health
State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own capabilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.
