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Health and human > aos 1 - chapter 1 > Flashcards

aos 1 - chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define genetic potential

A

the genetic capabilities and limitations of an individuals genetic makeup

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2
Q

Define developmental milestone

A

a significant skill or event occurring in a persons life; for example learning to walk, getting a job or having children.

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3
Q

Define self concept

A

Relates to how someone sees themselves

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4
Q

Define gross motor skills

A

The manipulation and coordination of large muscle groups such as those in the arms and legs.

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5
Q

Example of internal physical development

A

increase in the size of your heart

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6
Q

Characteristic of prenatal stage - fertilisation-birth

A

Development of the body organs and structures

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7
Q

What does the hormone thyroxine do, where is it secreted?

A

Regulates metabolism, which is required to produce the extra energy required for the changes that occur during puberty.
Secreted in the thyroid gland.

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8
Q

What is oestrogen responsible for, where is it secreted?

A

Responsible for development of female sex characteristics, breast development and regulation of menstrual cycle.
It is secreted in the ovaries.

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9
Q

What is the growth hormone responsible for, what gland secretes it?

A

Triggers growth when released, during puberty it is released in larger amounts, increasing the rate of growth. It is produced in the pituitary gland.

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10
Q

Characteristic of early childhood stage. 3 years - 6 years.

A

Slow, steady growth. Eg making friends.

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11
Q

What are the 8 stages of life, including ages of each?

A 
Prenatal - fertilisation-birth
Infancy - birth-2 years
Early childhood - 3 years-6 years
Late childhood - 6 years-12 years
Youth - 12 years-18 years
Early adulthood - 18 years-40 years
Middle adulthood - 40 years-65 years
Late adulthood - 65 years-death
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12
Q

Define social health

A

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.

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13
Q

Define physical health

A

The body and its systems and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

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14
Q

What is BMI, how is it used?

A

Body Mass Index, is a measure of body mass to height, used to ascertain overweight or obesity levels.

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15
Q

Define fine motor skills

A

The manipulation and coordination of small muscle groups such as those in the hands.

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16
Q

What are the two types of sex characteristics?

A

Primary and secondary sex characteristics

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17
Q

Define puberty

A

Biological changes that occur during youth and prepare the individual for sexual reproduction.

18
Q

What is the hormone that starts puberty, where is it released?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Released from the hypothalamus.

19
Q

Define social development

A

The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.

20
Q

What are concrete thoughts? Include example.

A

Concrete thoughts refer to physical objects you can see. An example of concrete thoughts include something you can see.

21
Q

What are abstract thoughts? Include example.

A

Abstract thoughts are being able to think about concepts and ideas. An example of abstract thoughts is anything that doesn’t have to be physically there.

22
Q

Define hormone

A

A chemical messenger that results in changes in the body.

23
Q

Define self esteem

A

Confidence in ones own worth or abilities.

24
Q

Define health

A

’ a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. ‘

25
Q

What is meant by interrelationships?

A

All four areas of development influence echother, they are interrelated.

26
Q

Define lifespan

A

The span between birth and death.

27
Q

Example of external physical development

A

Change in height

28
Q

What are the two types of motor skills?

A

Gross and fine.

29
Q

Define complexity

A

The quality of being intricate or complete

30
Q

Define biological detreminent

A

Factors relating to the body that affect health (e.g. genetics, hormones, body weight)

31
Q

Define primary sex characteristics, include example.

A

Body parts that are directly involved in reproduction and form what are commonly referred to as genitals and organs of reproduction.
Eg first ovulation - women
testes grow - men

32
Q

Characteristics of early adulthood stage. 18 - 40 years.

A

Reaching bodies physical peak, and decline in body systems thereafter.

33
Q

Characteristics of late childhood. 6 - 12 years.

A

Slow, steady growth. Eg refining reading and writing skills.

34
Q

Characteristic of youth stage. 12 years - 18 years.

A

Vast physical changes, in order to achieve sexual maturity.

35
Q

What are the four types of development?

A

PIES - physical, intellectual, emotional, social

36
Q

Characteristics of middle adulthood. 40 years - 65 years.

A

Stability in work and relationships

37
Q

Characteristic of infancy stage. birth - 2 years.

A

Period of rapid growth with many changes.

38
Q

What are the four determinants ?

A

Biological, behavioural, social, physical environment.

39
Q

What are the hormones which act on the testes and ovaries to release testosterone and oestrogen?
Where is it released?

A

Luteinising hormone (LH) - men
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - women
The pituitary gland

40
Q

What is testosterone responsible for?

Where is it secreted?

A

Responsible for development of the male reproductive organs. Also produces muscle development, voice change, facial hair growth.
Secreted in the testicles.

41
Q

Characteristics of the late adulthood stage of life. 65 - death

A

Change in lifestyle due to retirement.

42
Q

How do hormones influence development?

A

Hormone changes trigger puberty and play a role in the physical state of females and males.
Hormones influence when and how quickly an individual develops, meaning there is a great variation in the rate of development.

Health and human (4 decks)

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