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Test 3 > Aortic Aneurysm Repair > Flashcards

Aortic Aneurysm Repair Flashcards

1
Q

A bulge or ballooning (weakening) in the wall of the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

A

Aortic Aneurysm
* Think of it like a weak spot in a tire that bulges out as pressure builds up.

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2
Q

Are aneurysms and dissection similar?

A

No.
Can happen together but they are different.

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3
Q

What is this?

A

Aortic Aneurysms

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4
Q

What is this?

A

Aortic Dissection

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5
Q

2 Types of Aortic Aneurysms

A

Abdominal Aneyrysm
Thoracic aneurysm

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6
Q

Which type of Aneurysm is the worst one?

A

Both are equally dangerous.

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7
Q

2 main surgical procedures used for Aortic Aneurysms

A
  1. AAA REpair (OAR)
  2. Endovascular Stent Graft (EVAR)
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8
Q

AAA Graft stands for

A

ABDOMINAL aortic Aneurysm Graft
- very invasive procedure where abdomen is cut opened.

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9
Q

Another term used for AAA Graft surgery

A

Open Aneurysm Repair (OAR)

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10
Q

What major organ implication can occur with AAA Graft/OAR procedure?

A

Implication for KIDNEY function due to calmping the renal artery during surgery.

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11
Q

Also, where is the aortic vessel in comparisson to your organs?

A

Aorta sits BEHIND all of your intestines.

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12
Q

What is a POST-OP complication with AAA Graft/OAR procedure in regards to pt’s intestines/organs?

A

Intestines and organs are manipulated to gain surgical access to aorta- bc of this ILEUS may occur.

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13
Q

Review:

What is ILEUS?

A

Stops peristalsis in the intestines, preventing food, liquids and gasses to pass through, leading to complete or partial intestinal obstruction

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14
Q

AAA Graft/ OAR MOST important POST-OP Assessment

A

Maintain adequate BP

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15
Q

Why is maintaining BP important for AAA Graft/ OAR procedure?

A
  • HYPOtension can lead to thrombosis (blood clot) and loss of patency
  • Potential for renal injury if kidneys aren’t adequately perfused (perfussion is important)
  • Severe HYPERtension can cause leaks or rupture
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16
Q

What would we give to maintain a stable BP for these patients POST-OP AAA Graft/ OAR?

A
  • maintained with fluids
    OR
  • IV vasoactive drugs
17
Q

2 Vasoactive drugs that INCREASE BP

A
  1. norepinephrine
  2. dopamine
18
Q

2 Vasoactive drugs that DECREASE BP

A
  • nicardipine-CCB drug
  • NTG
19
Q

Other Post-Op assesstments after OAR/AAA Repair

A
  1. Watch for infection- on site, systemic, check WBC
  2. Frequent abdominal assessment- abdominal girth/ bowel sounds
  3. STRICT NPO- no ice , nothing!
  4. Neurovascular checks (6 P’s)
  5. Renal perfusion- urine output, perfussion **
20
Q

What body meassurement are we checking during abdominal assessment?

Specific to AAA/OAR

A

measurement of abdominal girth

21
Q

If abdominal girth has increased, what may be occuring internally?

A

internal bleeding or Ileus (ileus is common after this procedure)
* think of it as abdominal tamponade

22
Q

Another type of Aortic aneurysm procedure but LESS invasive

A

Endovascular Stent Graft (EVAR)
- minimally invasive procedure where a stent graft is inserted through small incisions in the groin using a catheter.

23
Q

Benefits of EVAR surgery

A
  1. LESS invasive
  2. shorter recovery time
  3. Can eat & drink after
  4. Pts are able to move around more frequently
  5. No risk of Ileus
24
Q

POST-OP Care for EVAR repair

A
  1. Monitor groin punctures
  2. Monitor femoral and pedal pulses (6P’s) - same as cardiac cath (PCI)
  3. Routine follow up scans (CT or MRI)- monitor future implications
25
Q

Open Repair for Thoracic Aortic aneurysms are similar to

A

Open heart surgery and require a STERNOTOMY

26
Q

Thoracic Endovascular Repair is similar to an EVAR except it is called

A

TEVAR

27
Q

What may be different in an TEVAR?

A

sites used for the repair may be different than EVAR.
- May be multiple (ie: upper arm and groin)
- Assess these sites **

28
Q

Can a TEVAR patient suffer from Ileus?

A

No! Ileus occurs in the abdomen where the stomach organs are.
- think of this stuff on the test!! **

Test 3 (7 decks)

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