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Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

Nonbenzodiazepine Anxiolytics

A

Buspirone

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2
Q

Benzodiazepines: Short 1/2 life

A 
Triazolam
Oxazepam
Temazepam
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Lorazepam
Estazolam
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3
Q

Benzodiazepines: Long 1/2 Life

A

Clonazepam
Chlordiazepoxide (librium)
Diazepam (Valium)

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4
Q

Benzodiazepines: Other

A

Flumazenil

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5
Q

Barbituates

A

Pentobarbitol

Amobarbitol

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6
Q

Benzodiazepines that do not need first pass metabolism

A

Lorazepam
Oxazepam
Temazepam

Skip phase 1
treat alcoholics with lorazepam or oxazepam because it is easier on their liver

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7
Q

buspirone

A

General Anxiety Disorder
Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic
None of the negative side-effects seen in Benzos
Not effective if patient has been exposed to Benzos in the past

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8
Q

Triazolam

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
Shortest onset
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9
Q

Oxazepam

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
No first pass metabolism
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10
Q

Temazepam

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
Very powerful
No first pass metabolism
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11
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
Very powerful
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12
Q

Lorazepam

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
No First pass metabolism
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13
Q

Estazolam

A 
Short 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
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14
Q

Clonazepam

A 
Long 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
unique 7-membered hetero-ring structure
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
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15
Q

Chlordiazepoxide (librium)

A 
Long 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
unique 7-membered hetero-ring structure
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
Fast acting (30-60 min)
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16
Q

Diazepam (Valium)

A 
Long 1/2 life
Benzodiazepine (positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptor, increases flow of Cl- when GABA binds)
unique 7-membered hetero-ring structure
Anxiolytic
Sedative/hypnotic
muscle relaxant
anticonvulsant
addictive
17
Q

Flumazenil

A

Treats Benzodiazepine Overdose
Antagonist @ benzodiazepine recognition site
causes increased anxiety, seizures in animal studies

18
Q

Pentobarbitol

A

Anxiolytic
Barbiturate
prolonged opening of Ion channel at GABA-A receptor Complex
Can be too strong

19
Q

Amobarbitol

A

Anxiolytic
Barbituate
prolonged opening of Ion channel at GABA-A receptor Complex

20
Q

Benzodiazepine/Barbiturate Side Effects

A

Dependence
excessive sedation
respiratory depression (especially with overdose/use in conjunction with other drugs, alcohol)
Withdrawal symptoms include increased risk for seizures

Behavioral Science (9 decks)

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