Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
Separation Anxiety Disorder symptoms
at least 3 characteristics:
- recurrent, excessive distress when anticipating separation
- persistent worry about losing loved person
- excessive worry about event that would prevent them from seeing attachment figure
- school refusal/reluctance to leave home caused by fear of separation
- fear of being alone, w/o attachment figures nearby
- refusal to sleep away from home
- nightmares involving fear of separation
- physical symptoms when separated/anticipating separation
Separation Anxiety Disorder treatment
- CBT: unlearn through exposure therapy
- medication & CBT
Selective Mutism symptoms
lack of speech in one or more settings where speaking is socially expected
- onset before age 5
Selective Mutism treatment
psychotherapy
- behavioural approaches: reduce anxiety & improve verbal communication
Specific Phobia symptoms
excessive & unreasonable fear related to presence of specific object/situation
- 1 of 5 classifications:
1. animals
2. natural environment
3. blood-injection-injury
4. situational (e.g. airplanes)
5. other (e.g. fear of choking)
Specific Phobia treatment
exposure-based interventions; combined with encouragement
Social Anxiety Disorder symptoms
fear of negative evaluation in social situations and performance anxiety leading to self-isolation and avoidance that takes toll on career, self-esteem, and relationships
Social Anxiety Disorder assessment
Beck Depression Inventory-II: assesses depression & presence of suicidal thoughts
Social Anxiety Disorder treatment
- exposure therapy & cognitive restructuring: extinguish fears
- cognitive behaviour group therapy
- MBCT: increase relaxation & reduce SNS reactions
- interpersonal therapy: modify faulty social relationships
Panic Disorder symptoms
- occur unexpectedly
- recur over period of six months
- persistent worry about possible future attacks or avoid places where attacks occurred
Panic Attack symptoms
abrupt surge of intense fear/discomfort that reaches peak within minutes; 4 or more symptoms:
- increased sweating
- heart palpitations/increased heart rate
- shortness of breath
- chest discomfort/pain
- choking feeling
- nausea
- dizziness or feeling light-headed
- feeling overheated/chills
- tingling or numbness
- depersonalization or derealization
- fear losing control of behavior or afraid of going crazy
- fear of dying
Panic Disorder treatment
- CBT: psychoeducation, interoceptive exposure & cognitive therapy
- Panic Control Treatment
Panic Attack Specifier
when panic attack is identified in conjunction with one of these disorders, added as specifer:
- anxiety disorder
- PTSD
- psychological & medical disorders: depression, substance-use disorder, and medical conditions
Agoraphobia symptoms
- fear of being in crowds, in open/closed spaces or out of the house alone
- persistent fear, anxiety or avoidance out of proportion to real risk/danger imposed
- clinically significant impairment that negatively impacts ability to work, socialise or live life
Agoraphobia treatment
CBT with following:
- psychoeducation
- self-monitor with journals & logs and identification of triggers
- Capnometry-Assisted Respiratory Training
- cognitive restructuring
- exposure-based component: target avoidance of specific situations
- acceptance component during exposure
Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptoms
excessive, uncontrollable anxiety & worry about life circumstances for most days, over 6-month period; at least 3 symptoms:
- feeling edgy or restless
- fatigue
- difficulty concentrating
- irritability
- muscle tension
- disrupted sleep
Generalized Anxiety Disorder assessment
GAD-7 questionnaire: 7-item self-report measure that helps assess level of anxiety over past 2 weeks
Generalized Anxiety Disorder treatment
CBT:
- mindfulness-based stress reduction
- MBCT: reduce anxiety, tension, worry & rumination
- acceptance-based behavior therapy
- metacognitive model
- internet-based CBT
- interpersonal emotional processing therapy (I/EPT)
Substance/Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
symptoms of anxiety/panic from use of medication, exposure to toxin or substance use
specifiers:
- with onset during intoxication
- with onset during withdrawal
- with onset after medication use
Anxiety Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition
anxiety disorder due to physiological effects of medical condition; most common:
- cardiovascular disorder
- endocrine disorders
- metabolic disturbances
- neurological disorders
- respiratory disorders
