anxiety

Question 1

anxiety Attacks occur at night in about_______ of patients and may not occur while awake.

Answer 1

one third

Question 2

Precipitants of panic attackes

Answer 2

Alpha-2 antagonists, such as yohimbine, increase available norepinephrine and can precipitate panic attacks, as do lactate infusions and breathing C02

Question 3

Panic is more prevalent in women or men

Answer 3

women

Question 4

Describe OCD

Answer 4

1. OCD is a brain disease – in which serotonin dysregulation appears to play a significant role, particularly in the striatum, part of the basal ganglia, which includes the caudate and lentiform nucleus. Now thought to be a separate disorder & no longer categorized with the other anxiety disorders.

Question 5

Anxiety treatments

Answer 5

Antidepressants, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and novel antidepressants such as venlafaxine (which could just as easily be called anti-anxiety agents instead of anti-depressants) and psychotherapeutic treatments, particularly behavioral treatments such as Cognitive Behavioral Treatment

Question 6

Dosing of antidepressants in anxiey

Answer 6

start at 1/2 dose

Question 7

Anxiety and cardiac disease

Answer 7

Anxiety in men and women influences the onset of cardiac disease via stress induced atherosclerosis, and endothelial dysfunction and reduced heart-rate variability.

Question 8

How does anxiety affect the heart and vasculature

Answer 8

1. Depression and anxiety disorders can adversely affect heart rhythms, increase blood pressure, alter blood clotting, and lead to elevated insulin and cholesterol levels

Question 9

Anxiety and hormones

Answer 9

Depression and anxiety disorders can lead to chronically elevated levels of cortisol and norepinephrine

Question 10

Generalized anxiety disorder and COPD

Answer 10

General anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder occur at higher rates in people with COPD than in the general population

Question 11

Which diseases can nocturnal panic attacks be confused with

Answer 11

1. Nocturnal panic attacks can be confused with nocturnal cardiac ischemia, obstructive sleep apnea, COPD, and gastro-esophageal reflux disease.