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Anxiety Flashcards

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1
Q

What is anxiety?

A

A feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat.

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2
Q

How does anxiety differ from fear?

A

Fear is a reaction to a specific danger; fight or flight response.

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3
Q

What constitutes as ‘normal’ anxiety?

A

Temporary or motivational, promotes constructive behaviors.

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4
Q

What is acute anxiety?

A

Precipitated by imminent real or potential loss that threatens sense of security; triggered by an acute stressor.

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5
Q

What is pathological anxiety?

A

Intense emotional response that persists after threat is resolved; response becomes generalized to benign situations.

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6
Q

What is mild anxiety?

A

This first level of anxiety occurs in the normal experience of everyday living and allows people to perceive reality in sharp focus.

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7
Q

What are symptoms of mild anxiety?

A

Nail-biting, tapping, foot jitters, irritability.

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8
Q

What is moderate anxiety?

A

Selective inattention; narrow perception.

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9
Q

What are symptoms of moderate anxiety?

A

Pounding heart, tension, increased pulse and respirations.

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10
Q

What is severe anxiety?

A

Bad perception; overly focused on particular details; hyperventilation and sense of doom.

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11
Q

What is panic level of anxiety?

A

Lose touch of reality; screaming or extreme withdrawal.

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12
Q

What is the nursing priority for panic level of anxiety?

A

Acute panic can lead to exhaustion.

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13
Q

What are interventions for mild to moderate anxiety?

A

Don’t introduce irrelevant topics; remain calm; recognize their distress.

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14
Q

What are interventions for severe to panic levels of anxiety?

A

Always stay with the patient; move person to quiet environment; encourage gross motor activities; speak slowly and wait for responses.

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15
Q

What are symptoms of panic?

A

Dilated pupils, experience of terror, unintelligible communication.

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16
Q

What is altruism?

A

Emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others.

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17
Q

What is sublimation?

A

Channels negative thoughts into socially acceptable activities.

18
Q

What is suppression?

A

Conscious denial of a disturbing situation.

19
Q

What is repression?

A

Exclusion of unpleasant experiences.

20
Q

What is displacement?

A

Transferring emotions from the original source to another.

21
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

Defense mechanism by which people behave in a way opposite to what their true emotions are.

22
Q

What is somatization?

A

Repressed anxiety demonstrated in the form of physical symptoms.

23
Q

What is undoing?

A

Performing an action to make up for a previous behavior.

24
Q

What is rationalization?

A

Justifying unreasonable ideas or actions.

25
Q

What is idealization?

A

Attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.

26
Q

What is splitting?

A

Inability to integrate the positive and negative qualities of oneself or others into a cohesive image.

27
Q

What part of the limbic system is most associated with anxiety disorders/OCD?

A

The cingulate.

28
Q

What is the role of the frontal cortex?

A

Cognitive interpretations.

29
Q

What is the role of the hypothalamus?

A

Fight or flight response.

30
Q

What is the role of the hippocampus?

A

Memory related fear responses.

31
Q

What is the role of the amygdala?

A

Fear related to phobias and panic disorders.

32
Q

What do panic disorders consist of?

A

Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks.

33
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

Sudden extreme apprehension or fear associated with feelings of impending doom.

34
Q

What are physical symptoms of a panic attack?

A

Palpitations, feelings of choking, sweating, hyperventilation.

35
Q

What is a phobia?

A

An intense irrational fear of an object or situation leading to avoidance.

36
Q

What are social anxiety/social phobias?

A

Severe anxiety or fear from exposure to social situations, resulting in feelings of humiliation or embarrassment.

37
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Fear of being in places or situations where help might not be available.

38
Q

What is generalized anxiety disorder?

A

Excessive worry about a number of events and activities; unable to relax.

39
Q

What does GAD diagnosis involve?

A

At least 3 of these symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, poor concentration, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance.

40
Q

What is obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A

An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsession) and/or actions (compulsions).

41
Q

What are obsessions?

A

Thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur.

42
Q

What are compulsions?

A

Ritualistic behaviors an individual feels driven to perform in an attempt to reduce anxiety.

Psych (11 decks)

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