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Abnormal Psychology > Anxiety > Flashcards

Anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

Anxiety definition

A

Mood characterized by apprehnsion and worry

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2
Q

3 components of anxiety

A

Physiological, cognitive, behavioral

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3
Q

Fear

A

IMMEDIATE alarm reaction

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4
Q

Common feature of anxiety disorders

A

Presence of extreme or disabling anxiety in the abscene of a real threat or danger that results in disruption of mood cognition or behavior

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5
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

A

Excessive anxiety across most situations and about most things longer than 6 months; worry is difficult to control

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6
Q

6 signs of GAD

A

Restlessness, easily fatigue, muscle tension, sleep disturbance, difficulty concentrating, irritable

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7
Q

Percentage female of GAD

A

66%

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8
Q

Ease of treat for GAD

A

Hard to treat, chronic

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9
Q

Specific phobia

A

More intense, persistent and excessive; fear of a specific object or situation

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10
Q

Preparedness

A

More phobias of life threatening things

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11
Q

Social anxiety

A

Unwarranted fear of social situation in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others

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12
Q

Prevalence of social phobia

A

8% in a year and 13% in lifetime

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13
Q

Onset of social phobia

A

Peak onset during adolescence

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14
Q

Percentage of people who seek treatment for social phobia

A

40%

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15
Q

Percent of treatment for generalized anxiety disorder

A

43%

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16
Q

Prevailance of generalizing anxiety disorder

A

4% in a year 6% in a lifetime

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17
Q

Panic

A

Experience of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms which occurs in the absence of real danger

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18
Q

Panic attack

A

Adrupt surge of intense fear that peaks within minutes

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19
Q

How many symptoms required for generalized anxiety disorder

A

3

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20
Q

How many symptoms required for panic attack

A

4

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21
Q

Types of panic attacks

A

Unexpected and expected

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22
Q

Panic disorder

A

Reccurent unexpected panic attacks; Persistent concern about having another attack or worry over the implications or consequences of the attack; significant change and behavior related to the attacks

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23
Q

Prevalence of panic disorder

A

3% in a year 5% in lifetime

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24
Q

How many women suffer from panic disorder

A

66%

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25
Q

When does panic disorder Begin

A

Adolescence

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26
Q

How many people are being treated for panic disorder

27
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Anxiety about being in public or in a crowd or an open spaces or an enclosed space

28
Q

Obsessions

A

Persistent, intrusive and nonsensical thoughts, images or urges; attempt to ignore/suppress/neutralize

29
Q

Compulsions

A

Repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that people feel they must do to prevent or reduce anxiety

30
Q

OCD

A

The obsessions or compulsions cause marked distress, are time consuming, or significantly interfere with the person‘s daily routine

31
Q

Common obsessions( five)

A

Contamination, aggressive impulses, sexual content, somatic concerns like physical health, symmetry keeping things in order/doing things in a particular 

32
Q

Four most common compulsions

A

Checking, ordering/arranging, washing, cleaning

33
Q

Prevalence of OCD in lifetime

A

Two or 3%

34
Q

Gender affected most by OCD

35
Q

Onset of OCD

A

Early adolescence or young adulthood

36
Q

How easy is it to treat ocd

A

Chronic as hell

37
Q

Three factors in triple vulnerability theory 

A

Biological factors like inherited vulnerability/psychological factors/social factors

38
Q

What are the biological factors of the vulnerability theory

A

Dysfunction and GABA, norepinephrine, serotonin systems; overactive fear circuit; over active hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis

39
Q

Psychological factors of vulnerability theory

A

Early experience, behavioral conditioning, cognitive errors

40
Q

Social factors of vulnerability theory

41
Q

What two ideas does Mauer’s to factor model combine

A

Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Once you are classically conditioned avoiding that stimulus reduces your fear which is operant conditioning

42
Q

Three ways conditioning can take place

A

Direct experience, vicarious experience, false alarm/unexpected panic attack

43
Q

Behavioral causes a social phobia

A

Negative social experiences, modeling, conditioning mechanisms

44
Q

Cognitive errors of social phobia

A

Higher standards for self, negative beliefs about consequences of own behavior, high self monitors

45
Q

Inhibited cause of social phobia

A

Shy temperament, biological, genetic factor

46
Q

What is the vicious cycle of panic disorder

A

Biological dysfunction plus increase sensitivity to bodily cues plus misinterpretation of body cues

47
Q

Sociocultural view of generalized anxiety disorder

A

Dangerous, stressful societal conditions

48
Q

Psychodynamic development of generalized anxiety disorder

A

High early anxiety, poor defense mechanisms

49
Q

Humanistic development of generalized anxiety disorder

A

Lack of unconditional positive regard, overly critical of self

50
Q

Cognitive view of generalizing anxiety disorder ellis beck

A

Basic irrational assumptions

51
Q

Second generation cognitive explanations for generally anxiety disorder

A

Intolerance of uncertainty, metal-cognitive theory, worry as avoidance

52
Q

Biological reasons for a generalized anxiety disorder

A

GABA an activity, fear circuit over activity

53
Q

Psychodynamic view of OCD

A

Obsessions are the id, compulsions are the ego

54
Q

Behavioral view of OCD

A

Operant conditioning of compulsive behavior

55
Q

Cognitive view of OCD

A

Predisposition to repetitive thoughts, acting sh thoughts with thought suppression and thought action fusion

56
Q

Biological view of OCD

A

Over activity in the orbital frontal cortex, caudate nucleus, anterior cingulate, low serotonin

57
Q

4 approaches to anxiety treatment

A

Pharma logical, behavioral therapy exposure therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy which combines exposure with cognitive restructuring, relaxation training progressive muscle relaxation deep breathing techniques and imagery and meditation

58
Q

What is a social mishap exposure (social phobia treatment)

A

Embarrassing social situations, repeatedly or for a prolonged periodmTo reduce fear eventually

59
Q

Three types of exposure treatments for phobias

A

Systematic desensitization, flooding, modeling

60
Q

What percentage of people improve for phobia treatment

61
Q

Treatment for OCD

A

Exposure and response prevention (behavioral)

62
Q

Three treatments for panic disorder

A

Psycho education, promote accurate interpretation, interoceptive exposure

63
Q

2 mechanisms of exposure

A

Habituation which is the need to habituate during exposure trial in between trials reduction of fear, inhibitory learning is about building competing associations and violating expectancies

Abnormal Psychology (5 decks)

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