Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

Tropism of viral hepatitis

A

Liver hepatocytes

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2
Q

Treatment for Hep B

A

tenofovir- goal is to 100% cure

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3
Q

MOA tenofovir

A

Nucleotide analogue

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4
Q

Hep C treatment

A

Ribavirin- purine analogue

Boceprevir- PI

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5
Q

Important steps in life cycle of HIV

A

Attachment and entry- viral membrane proteins interact with leukocyte membrane receptors- then is endocytosis of viral capsid
Replication and integration- within cytoplasm reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA which is transported to nucleus and integrated into host DNA
Assembly and release-host cell machinery used to produce viral RNA and essential proteins
These proteins are assembled and mature virion is released

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6
Q

How does HIV attach to leukocyte

A

Viral GP120 binds to CD4 receptor and also CCR5 or CXCR4 as a co-receptor

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7
Q

How does HIV enter cell

A

GP41 penetrates cell membrane and viral capsid enters

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8
Q

2 drugs used to treat HIV cel entry

A

Enfuvirtide- binds to HIV GP41 transmembrane glycoprotein

Maraviroc- blocks CCR5

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9
Q

Reverse transcription of HIV RNA

A

Viral single-stranded RNA-> double stranded DNA by reverse transcriptase

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10
Q

3 drugs used to treat HiIV replication

A

Zidovudine- nucleoside RT inhibitor
Tenofovir- nucleotide RT inhibitor
Efavirenz- inhibts enzyme directly witout being incorporated into viral DNA

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11
Q

Role of viral integrase

A

Inserts viral DNA into host DNA

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12
Q

Drug that inhibits integrase

A

Raltegravir

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13
Q

Difference between zidovudine and tenofovir to efavirenz

A

Zidovudine and tenofovir require phosphorylation unlike efavirenz
Zidovudine> tenofovir in terms of phosphorylation required

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14
Q

What is gag precursor

A

Encodes all viral structural proteins

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15
Q

What is role of HIV protease

A

Cleaves Gag precursor protein

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16
Q

2 examples of protease inhibitors

A

Saquinavir

Ritonavir- this is low does booster

17
Q

Features of HSV virus

A

DsDNA

Surrounded by tegument and lipid bilayer

18
Q

Treatment for HSV

A

Acyclovir- nucleoside analogue

19
Q

Features of influenza genetic material

A

ssRNA

20
Q

What is important influenza envelope protein

A

Neuraminidase- important in release

21
Q

Treatment for influenza

A

Oseltamivir- inhibits neuraminidase

22
Q

Tropism for influenza

A

Bronchi
Throat
Nose