Antiviral - HIV

Question 1

NRTI MOA

Answer 1

Competitive inhibition of reverse transcriptase by incorporating itself into DNA and cause premature chain termination

Question 2

NRTI adverse effect?

Answer 2

Lactic acidosis

Question 3

NRTI suffix

Answer 3

-dine

Question 4

Lamivudine adverse

Answer 4

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 5

Lamivudine treament

Answer 5

Hepatitis B infection

Question 6

Tenofovir

Answer 6

Nucleotide analogue, does not need phosphorylation and treats Hep B

Question 7

Zidovudine

Answer 7

Nucleoside analogue used during pregnancy to reduce vertical transmission

Question 8

Zidovudine adverse

Answer 8

Myelosuppression
Granulocytopenia
Lipodystrophy

Question 9

Staviduine adverse

Answer 9

Nucleoside analogue that can cause peripheral neuropathy

Question 10

Didanosine adverse

Answer 10

Can cause dose dependent pancreatitis

Question 11

Abacavir adverse

Answer 11

Hypersensitivity reaction (type 4) associated with HLA-B57

Question 12

Emtricitabine adverse

Answer 12

Hyperpigmentation of palms and soles

Question 13

Do nucleotide or nucleoside analogues need to be phosphorylated?

Answer 13

Nucleoside

These end with the suffix -dine

Question 14

NNRTIs

Answer 14

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 15

NNRTI MOA

Answer 15

Do not need to be phosphorylated to bind directly to HIV reverse transcriptase causing chain termination

Question 16

NNRTI adverse effects

Answer 16

Hepatic failure
CNS issues
Teratogenic
CYP450 
Steven Johnson Syndrome

Question 17

NNRTI drugs

Answer 17

Delavirdine
Efavirenz
Nevirapine

Question 18

Protease Inhibitors suffix

Answer 18

“-navir”

Question 19

Protease Inhibitors MOA

Answer 19

Do not need to be phosphorylated to inhibit cleavage of virions

Question 20

Protease inhibitors adverse effects

Answer 20

Hyperglycemia
Dyslipidemias
Lipodystrophy
Inhibit CYP450

Question 21

Indinavir adverse effects

Answer 21

Nephrolithiasis, so patients must maintain adequate hydration

Question 22

Ritonovir adverse effects?

Answer 22

Greatest inhibition of CYP450, especially with Rifampin

Question 23

What cells do HIV target/infect?

Answer 23

CD4+ T cells
Macrophages
Dendritic Cells

Question 24

HIV virion proteins

Answer 24

p24 and p7

Question 25

HIV envelope proteins

Answer 25

gp41 and gp120

Question 26

Entry inhibitors MOA

Answer 26

Maraviroc binds/blocks the CCR5 receptor inhibit gp120 binding

Question 27

Entry inhibitor drug

Answer 27

Maraviroc

Question 28

Fusion inhibitors MOA

Answer 28

Binds to gp41 envelope proteins to block their fusion

Question 29

Fusion inhibitor drug

Answer 29

Enfuvirtide

Question 30

What HIV gene encodes for protease, reverse transcriptase, and integrase?

Answer 30

Pol gene

Question 31

Integrase inhibitors MOA

Answer 31

Binding viral integrase to not allow viral DNA to integrate into host chromosomes

Question 32

Integrase inhibitor drug

Answer 32

Raltegravir

Question 33

Integrase inhibitors adverse effect

Answer 33

Rhabdomyolysis