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HOST AND DEFENSE > AntiViral/AntiFungal > Flashcards

AntiViral/AntiFungal Flashcards

1
Q

Acyclovir

A

Acyclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication by competing with dGTP for viral DNA polymerase and chain termination being incorporated into viral DNA.

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2
Q

Valacyclovir*

A

Converted to Acyclovir triphosphate by a thymidine kinase. See MOA from above

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3
Q

Ganciclovir*

A

Phosphorylated to a substrate which competitively inhibits the binding of dGTP to DNA polymerase resulting in inhibition of viral DNA synthesis

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4
Q

Cidofovir*

A

Converted to cidofovir diphosphate, which suppresses CMV (cytomegalovirus) replication by incorporating into growing viral DNA chain results in viral DNA synthesis rate reduction

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5
Q

Foscarnet

A

Noncompetitive inhibitor of viral DNA and RNA polymerases and HIV reverse transcriptase

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6
Q

Amophotericin B

A

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane, increasing membrane permeability

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7
Q

Nystatin

A

Binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane, increasing membrane permeability

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8
Q

Fluconazole

A

Inhibits 14-α demethylase, preventing conversion of lanosterol into ergosterol, inhibit P450 therefore elevated levels of P450 drugs in liver

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9
Q

Itraconazole

A

Inhibits 14-α demethylase, preventing conversion of lanosterol into ergosterol, inhibit P450 therefore elevated levels of P450 drugs in liver

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10
Q

Voriconazole

A

Inhibits 14-α demethylase, preventing conversion of lanosterol into ergosterol, inhibit P450 therefore elevated levels of P450 drugs in liver

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11
Q

Miconazole

A

Inhibits 14-α demethylase, preventing conversion of lanosterol into ergosterol, inhibit P450 therefore elevated levels of P450 drugs in liver

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12
Q

Terbinafine

A

Inhibits squalene epoxidase, leading to ergosterol depletion in fungal cell wall

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13
Q

Micafungin

A

Blocks β-glucan synthase, preventing synthesis of fungal cell wall

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14
Q

Caspofungin

A

Blocks β-glucan synthase, preventing synthesis of fungal cell wall

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15
Q

Griseofulvin

A

Disrupts fungal mitotic spindle formation by interacting with microtubules

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16
Q

Flucytosine

A

Converted in fungal cells to 5-fluorouracil, which inhibits thymidylate synthase

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