Antiretrovirals Flashcards
What does NRTI stand for?
Nucelotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
List three NRTIs.
Abacavir
Zidovudine
Lamivudine
Emtricitabine
What is the MOA of the NRTIs?
Analogs of nucleotides that inhibit nucleotide binding to REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE and cause DNA chain termination
What are the adverse effects common to the NRTIs?
1) Lactic acidosis
2) Fatty liver disease
3) Lipodystrophy
What does NNRTI stand for?
Non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
List three NNRTIs
Nevirapine (NVP)
Etravirine (ETR)
Efavirenz (EFV)
What is the MOA of the NNRTIs?
Binds to Reverse Transcriptase a site OTHER THAN THE ACTIVE SITE and inhibits the enzyme
What are the adverse effects common to the NNRTIs?
Hepatoxicity
Rash (StevensJohnson Syndrome)
Drug Interactions
What does PI stand for?
Protease Inhibitors (PIs)
List three PIs
Ataznavir (ATV
Darunavir (DRV)
Indinavir (IDV)
What are the adverse effects common to the PIs
Hyperlipidemia
Lipodystrophy
Hepatotoxcity
Drug-Drug interactions
What is the MOA of PIs?
Block the protease necessary for maturation of virion proteins
What does II stand for?
Integrase Inhibitors
List three IIs
Dolutegravir (DTG)
Raltegravir (RAL)
Ellvitegravir/cobicistat (EVG/c)
What is the MOA of IIs?
Inhibit viral integration into the host genome
What are the adverse effects common to the IIs?
Headache
Insomnia
DKA
Rash
What is the MOA for Fusion Inhibitors?
Binds HIV enelopeBinds HIV envelope glycoprotein, gp41
Prevents viral fusion with target membrane
What are the ADR to Fusion inhibitors?
Injection site reactions
Hypersensitivity
Increased risk of bacterial pneumonia
Name one fusion inhibitor
Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20)
What is the MOA of CCR5 Receptor Antagonists?
Block interaction of HIV with CCR5 co-receptor
Name one CCR5
Maraviroc (MVC)
What are the ADRs to CCR5?
Drug-drug
Rash
Orthostasis
URI, cough
