Antiprotozoans Flashcards
trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole and tinidazole
Metronidazole MOA
destabilizes DNA.
Giardia lamblia
-azoles, and Nitazoxanide in children. Paromomycin
Entamoeba Histolytica
paromomycin, or metronidazole followed by paromomycin.
Paromomycin MOA
binds 30S ribosome subunit. Acts on bacteria and protozoans
Tinidazole MOA
DNA destabilization
Babesia Microti
Clindamycin plus quinine or atovaquone plus azithromycin.
Trypanosoma Cruzi
Nifurtimox or benznidazole
Trypanosona brucei
Pentamidine isethionate (hemolymphatic stage of west african sleeping sickness), Suramin (DOC for East african trypanosomiasis), Melarsoprol (DOC, late disease CNS involvement)
Cryptosporidium parvum
Nitazoxanide (DOC in immunocompetant), antiretrovirals in AIDS.
Nitazoxanide MOA
unknown - active tizoxanide. Cryptospridium and giardia
Cyclospora cayetanensis
TMP-SMX
Microsporidia
Albendazole
Leishmaniasis
sandflies africa/egypt - sodium stibogluconate - contact the CDC
Pneumocystis Jirovechi/ P carinii (PCP)
TMP-SMX, atovaquone, pentamidine
Atovaquone MOA
Not for advanced HIV
Pentamidine MOA
Tx and prevention of pneumonia of PCP - interferes with RNA and DNA , phospholipid, and protein synthesis. - may induce insulin requiring diabetes mellitus.
Toxoplasma Gondii
pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine (folic acid must always accompany)
Pyrimethamine MOA
inhibits production of folic acid. Prohylactic and Tx of toxoplasmosis. Must be administered with folic acid
Sulfadiazine MOA
competetive antagonism of PABA - decrease in folic acid synthesis. Synergistic with pyrimethamine Tx - toxoplasmosis