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Hailey - IHO > Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, Thrombolytics > Flashcards

Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, Thrombolytics Flashcards

1
Q

aspirin

acetylsalicylate

A

Irreversibly binds COX

Anti-platelet

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2
Q

Clopidogrel
Ticlopidine
Prasugrel

A

Irreversible ADP receptor antagonist
Anti-platelet
*ADP released from ACTIVATED platelet

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3
Q

Abciximab
Eptifibatide
Tirofiban

A

Inhibits GPIIb-IIIa receptor for fibrinogen and vWF
Anti-platelet
*GPIIb-IIIa expressed on ACTIVATED platelets

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4
Q

Dipryridamole

A

Anti-platelet

Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increases cAMP, inhibits platelet activation

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5
Q

Unfractionated heparin
LMW heparin
Fondaparinux

A

Parenteral anti-coagulant
Indirect thrombin inhibitors
Inhibits thrombin and Xa

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6
Q

Fondaparinux

A

Xa inhibitor

Indirect thrombin inhibitors

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7
Q

Bivalirudin
Argatroban
Dabigatran etexilate

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

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8
Q

Protamine

A

Reverses heparin effect

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9
Q

Warfarin

A

Oral
Anti-coagulant
Inhibits VKOR

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10
Q

Vitamin K

A

Oral: Phytonadione

Reverses warfarin effect (overcomes VKOR deficiency)

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11
Q

Rivaroxaban
Apixaban
Edoxaban

A

Oral

Xa Inhibitors

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12
Q

Phytonadione

A

Vitamin K

Coagulants

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13
Q

Streptokinase
Urokinase
tPAs

A

Fibrinolytic

Make plasmin to bust clot

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14
Q

alteplase
reteplase
tenecteplase

A

tPAs
activate fibrin-bound plasminogen to plasmin
STROKE TX

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15
Q

fibrinogen –> fibrin via…

A

thrombin (IIa)

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16
Q

prothrombin (II) –> thrombin (IIa) via…

A

Xa

17
Q

X –> Xa via…

A

Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways

18
Q

Size fibrinogen and fibrin

A

fibrinogen: small
fibrin: big

19
Q

Antithrombin inactivates…

A

thrombin and factor Xa

==> can’t make fibrin

20
Q

Antidote effect on heparin vs. fondaparinux

A

heparin: complete
fondaparinux: none

21
Q

aPTT measures which coagulation pathway?

A

intrinsic

22
Q

PT measures which coagulation pathway?

A

extrinsic
= INR
measures fibrinogen, prothrombin, V, VII, and X

23
Q

Direct thrombin inhibitors, think…

A

leeches

lepirudin: binds DIRECTLY to thrombin and inhibits the enzyme

24
Q

Dabigatran etexylate

A

ORAL
new
binds DIRECTLY to thrombin

25
Q

Vitamin K dependent clotting factors

A

II, VII, IX, X, protein C

26
Q

VKOR

A

vitamin K dependent epoxide reductase

27
Q

Warfarin pharmacokinetics

A

delayed hypothrombic effect

narrow therapeutic index

28
Q

Which enantiomer more active in warfarin

A

S enantiomer

29
Q

pharmacodynamics vs. pharmacokinetics

A

dynamics: VKORC1 polymorphisms
kinetics: ADME (CYP2C9 affects metabolism, 30% slow metabolizers)

30
Q

tPAs specific to clot because…

A

bind to fibrin-bound plasminogen
= dissolve EXISTING life-threatening thrombi
used in strokes

Hailey - IHO (5 decks)

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