AntiParasitics

Question 1

DOC for trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 1

metronidazole

Question 2

MOA of metronidazole

Answer 2

After diffusing into the organism, interacts with DNA to cause a loss of helical DNA structure and strand breakage resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death in susceptible organisms

Question 3

what are the significant adverse reactions for metronidazole

Answer 3

disulfiram like reaction, peripheral neuropathy

Question 4

what are contraindications for metronidazole (flagyl)

Answer 4

hypersensitivity and pregnancy (1st trimester)

Question 5

what do you need to warn patients about when you prescribe them metronidazole

Answer 5

dark or reddish brown, do not take with alcohol and may cause a metallic taste in their mouth

Question 6

what is treatment for giardia

Answer 6

metronidazole and tinidazole

Question 7

acute infection with E. hystioytic is treated with

Answer 7

paromycin

Question 8

what is the MOA of paromomycin

Answer 8

Acts directly on ameba; has antibacterial activity against normal and pathogenic organisms in the GI tract; interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunits (a nonabsorbable aminoglycoside)

Question 9

Tinidazole is used in treatment for

Answer 9

T vaginalis
G lamblia
E histolytica

Question 10

adverse reactions of tinidazole

Answer 10

metallic/bitter taste; erythema multiforme, and steven johnson’s syndrome

Question 11

treatment for babesia microti, babesiosis

Answer 11

clindamycin plus quinine or atovaquone plus azithromycin

Question 12

what causes chaga’s disease

Answer 12

trypanosoma cruzi

Question 13

chaga disease transmitted by

Answer 13

triatomine bugs

Question 14

right bundle branch block or left anterior fasicular block is a conduction anomaly associated with what disease

Answer 14

chaga’s disease

Question 15

what is the treatment for chaga’s disease

Answer 15

nifurtimox and benznidazole

Question 16

what causes trypanosoma brucei

Answer 16

african sleeping sickness

Question 17

what is the treatment for african sleeping sickness (trypanosoma brucei)

Answer 17

pentamidine isethionate (west)
suramin (east)
melarsoprol (late disease)

Question 18

what is DOC for cryptosporodium in immunocompetent pts

Answer 18

nitazoxanide

Question 19

adverse effects of nitazoxanide

Answer 19

GI upset and headache

Question 20

treatment of cyclospora cayetanesis (cyclosporiasis)

Answer 20

TMP-SX

Question 21

what is DOC for microsporidia

Answer 21

albendazole

Question 22

what are the significant adverse reactions for albendazole

Answer 22

acute renal failure, pancytopenia

Question 23

transmitted by female sand flies

Answer 23

leismaniasis

Question 24

what is the treatment for leishmaniasis

Answer 24

sodium stibogluconate

Question 25

most common opportunistic respiratory infection in patient infected with HIV

Answer 25

pneumocystis carinnii

Question 26

treatment and prophylaxis of pneumocystis

Answer 26

TMP-SMX or cotrimoxazole

Question 27

used for treatmentof mild to moderate pneumocystis jiroveci in pts who are intoerant to co trimoxazole

Answer 27

atovaquone

Question 28

adverse reactions of atovaquone

Answer 28

headache, GI upset and renal insufficiency

Question 29

Treatment and prevention of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii (PCP)

Answer 29

pentamidine

Question 30

MOA of pentamidine

Answer 30

Interferes with RNA/DNA, phospholipids and protein synthesis, through inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation and/or interference with incorporation of nucleotides and nucleic acids into RNA and DNA, in protozoa

Question 31

adverse rxns to pentamidine

Answer 31

electrolyte imbalances, permanent insulin requiring diabetes mellitus

Question 32

where does toxoplasma gondii complete is entire lifecycle

Answer 32

T. gondii

Question 33

leads to cerebral abscesses in AIDS patients

Answer 33

toxoplasma gondii

Question 34

what is the treatment for toxoplasma gondii

Answer 34

pyrimethamine pus sulfadiazine

Question 35

what must be given with all pyrimethamine therapy

Answer 35

folic acid

Question 36

MOA of pyrimethamine

Answer 36

Inhibits parasitic dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in inhibition of vital tetrahydrofolic acid synthesis

Question 37

what are some of the adverse reactions for pyrimethamine

Answer 37

steven's johnson's syndrome, pancytopenia,, thrombocytopenia, hematuria

Question 38

what is sulfadiazine used for

Answer 38

treatment of toxoplasmosis

Question 39

treatment of malaria should be guided by what

Answer 39

1) the infecting species 2) clinical status of patient 3) geographic location where the infection was acquired

Question 40

chlroquine resistant should gie

Answer 40

mefloquine, quinine sulfate, and atgovaquone-proguanil

Question 41

severe malaria is treated with what drug

Answer 41

quinidine glucoate plus doxy, tetracycline, clindamycin