Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Antineoplastic Drugs > Flashcards

Antineoplastic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

against new tissue formation; an agent that counteracts development, growth, spread of malignant cells

A

ANTINEOPLASTIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

destructive cells

A

CYTOTOXIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rapid production

A

PROLIFERATING CELLS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Newest drugs are called ———- that target only cancer cells

A

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Many antineoplastic possess ————- properties which decrease antibodies and phagocytes and inflammatory reaction

A

IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

old and new drugs are used; combination of drugs used for palliative effects or long term or complete remission in early treatment of CA

A

chemotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

alleviation of symptoms

A

Palliative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It is an abnormal mass of tissue as a result ofNeoplasia

A

NEOPLASM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(new growthin Greek) is the abnormal proliferation ofcells

A

NEOPLASIA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Classification of Neoplasm

A
  • Benign
  • Potentially malignant
  • Malignant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Warning signs of CANCER

A

C-hange in bowel or bladder habits
A- sore that does not heal
Unusual bleeding or discharge
T-hickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere
I-ndigestion or difficulty in swallowing
O-bvious change in a wart or mole
N-agging cough or hoarseness

U-nexplained anemia
S-udden unexplained weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

they mimic nutrients that the cell needs to grow, tricking the cell into consuming them, so it eventually starves to death

A

Antimetabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

tx for wide range of CA like brain tumors, sarcomas, lymphomas and leukemias

A

Antimetabolites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Examples of medications in use (antimetabolites)

A

Methotrexate, flurouracil, cytarabine, 6-mercaptopourine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Side effects of antimetabolites

A

N/V, diarrhea, mucosal ulceration, bone marrow suppression, leukopenia w/ infection, anemia, thrombocytopenia w/ hemorrhage, rash, itching, photosensitivity, scaling, alopecia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Renal and hepatic disorders, pregnancy, GI ulcers

A

Contraindications of Antimetabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

act directly onDNA, causing cross-linking of DNA strands,abnormalbasepairing, or DNA strand breaks, thus preventing the cell from dividing. Alkylating agents are generally considered to be cell cycle phase nonspecific, meaning that they kill the cell in various and multiple phases of the cell cycle. Although alkylating agents may be used for most types of cancer, they are generally of greatest value in treating slow-growing cancers

A

Alkylating agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

tx for wide range of CA like brain tumors, sarcomas, lymphomas and leukemias

A

Alkylating agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carmustine, cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, thiotepa (used for metastatic ovarian, testicular, bladder CA)

A

Examples of meds in current use (Alkylating agents)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Side effects of Alkylating agents

A

N/V, diarrhea, mucosal ulceration, bone marrow suppression, leukopenia w/ infxn, anemia, thrombocytopenia w/ hemorrhage, rash, itching, photosensitivity, scaling, alopecia, neurotoxicity like headache, vertigo and seizures, loss of reproduction capacity, pulmonary fibrosis, hemorrhagic cystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Debilitated patients, pregnancy, renal disease

A

Contraindications of Alkylating agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

These drugs act specifically by blocking the ability of a cancer cell to divide and become two cells. Although they act throughout the cell cycle, some are more effective during the S- and M- phases, making these drugs cell cycle specific. Examples of plant alkaloids used in chemotherapy are actinomycin D, doxorubicin, and mitomycin.

A

Plant Alkaloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tx in combination with other CA agent , for leukemias, hodgskin’s disease, lymphomas, sarcomas, etc

A

Plant alkaloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Examples of medications in use (plant alkaloids)

A

Vinblastine or vincristine, paclitaxel (second line to metastatic breast or ovarian)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

side effects of plant alkaloids

A

Neurotoxicity like numbness, tingling, ataxia, foot drop, pain in the jaw, head, extremities and visual disturbances, severe constipation, diarrhea, N/V, oral or GI ulceration, rash, phototoxicity, alopecia, leukopenia (vinblastine), tissue necrosis in IV site, hypersensitivity

26
Q

pregnancy, hepatic dysfunction, infection

A

Contraindications of Plant alkaloids

27
Q

fatal if given intrathecal, paclitaxel is so toxic needs supervision of oncologist and frequent monitoring of VS

A

Cautions of Plant Alkaloids

28
Q

They are not the same as antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections. Rather, these drugs cause the strands ofgeneticmaterial that make up DNA to uncoil, thereby preventing the cell from reproducing

A

Antibiotic Antineoplastics

29
Q

tx wide range of malignacy like leukemias, sarcomas, hodgskin’s, lymphomas, breast CA , tumors of the head, necks and testicles

A

Antibiotic Antineoplastics

30
Q

Bleomycin, doxorubicin, mitomycin

A

examples of medications in use (antibiotic antineoplastics)

31
Q

side effects of antibiotic antineoplastics

A

Anorexia, N/V, diarrhea, bone marrow suppression, cardiotocxicity, CHF, pneumonitis, dyspnea, rales, pulmonary fibrosis, ulceration of mouth and colon, alopecia, rash and scaling

32
Q

Pregnancy, liver disorders, cardiac disease

A

Contraindications of antibiotic antineoplastics

33
Q

is a type of cancer treatment that removes, blocks, or adds specific hormones to the body. Some types of cancer use the body’s natural hormones to fuel their growth.

A

Hormone Therapy

34
Q

such as prednisone, in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs in the tx of leukemias and lymphomas in large doses of dexamethasone (decadron) in tx of N/V

A

Corticosteroids

35
Q

fluid retention, cushingoid features (moon face), fatigue, weakness, osteoporosis

A

side effects of hormone therapy

36
Q

primary hormonal therapy for metastatic strogen receptor-positive breast CA in both men and postmenopausal women, palliative tx of advance metastatic breast CA

A

Antiestrogen

37
Q

alternative to tamoxipen in Postmenopausal with CA

A

Anastrozole (Arimidex)

38
Q

are rare and dose related resembling menopausal symptoms, N/V, hot flushes, night sweats

A

side effects of hormone therapy

39
Q

is adninistered once in a month for prostate CA

A

Antiandrogen

40
Q

is a gonadotropin-releasing hormon (GnRH)
Antiandrogen

A

Leuprolide acetate (Lupron depot)

41
Q

is an oral antiandrogen used simulatneously with leuprolide in the tx of metastatic prostate CA.
Antiandrogen

A

Bicalutaamide (casodex)

42
Q

are also used with antineoplastic agents in the tx of malignancies of the reproductive system (breast, uterus, prostate)
Antiandrogen

A

Sex hormones such as estrogens, progestins and androgens

43
Q

mpotence, hot flushes, generalized pain, infection, constipation, nausea

A

Side effects of antiandrogen

44
Q

The drugs should be continuously given even s/s improves

A

Antiandrogen

45
Q

is a complex combination of many properties of many proteins acting as BRM. The action is complex affecting cell proliferation, cell functions and immune system response.

A

Interferon Alfa

46
Q

flulike syndrome-fever, fatigue, headache, muscle ache and pains, GI symptoms, anorexia, N/V, diarrhea, dry mouth

A

Adverse side effects of BRM

47
Q

sleep disturbances, mental symptoms, hematological effects-leukopenia, ´Dyspnea, cough, nasal congestion
Alopecia-transient
BRM

A

Nervous system effects

48
Q

exogenous antibodies genetically engineered in labs by combining antibody producing B cells with a CA cell. It is designed to target only cancer cells. Given IV.

A

Monoclonal antibodies (MABs)

49
Q

in combination with fluroracil is a first line tx for metastatic carcinoma of the colon or rectum
Rituximab (Rituxan) tx for relapsed or refractory, (unresponsive) non-hodgkin’s lymphoma
BRM

A

Bevacizumab (Avastin)

50
Q

combined with paclitaxel –first line tx for metastatic breast CA
BRM

A

Trastuzumab (Herceptin)

51
Q

fever, chills, headache, dizziness, N/V, itching, rash, generalized pain,

A

side effects of BRM

52
Q

can be minimized by acetaminophen (Tylenol), diphenhydramine (benadryl),and meperidine (demerol)

Angioedema, hypotension, dyspnea, bronchospasm (stop infusion), anaphylaxis, cardiac arrythmias, angina, cardiomyopathy, hypertensive crisis, Acute renal failure, hematological toxicity(decrease wbc), GI perforation and GI bleeding

A

Severe reactions of BRM

53
Q

tx for certain types of CA, injected to the affected side like radiogold in th tx of ascites caused by CA

A

Radioactive Isotopes

54
Q

decreased blood count occurring 4-6 wks

A

Side effects of Radioactive Isotopes

55
Q

is administered PO or IV to treat thyroid CA or implanted in the body in the form of capsules, needles or seeds

A

Routes of administration
(Radioactive Isotopes)

56
Q

Special precaution for Health care workers to prevent radioactive exposure

A

Health care precautions

57
Q

follow protocol for the protection of patient and health care worker. Proper isolation precaution like proper handling of linens

A

Isolation precautions

58
Q

on time, exactly as prescribe, keep patient comfortable, check and review drug inserts

A

Administer as prescribed

59
Q

check sites for site necrosis and infiltrations

A

Carefully check IV sites

60
Q

patient or health care worker if it happens flush with water immediately

A

Don’t let medications contact skin or eyes

61
Q

minimize N/V

A

Use of antiemetics

62
Q

minimize discomfort and oral ulceration

A

Thorough oral hygiene

Pharmacology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions