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Antimicrobials > Antimycobacterial drugs > Flashcards

Antimycobacterial drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Treat M. avium-intracellulare?

A

Azithromycin
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Streptomycin

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1
Q

Treat M. leprae?

A 
Dapsone
Rifampin
(Dapsone & Rifampin alone = Tuberculoid form)
Clofazimine
(add if lepromatous form)
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1
Q

Clinical use of Isoniazid?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

solo prophylaxis against MTB.

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1
Q

Pyrazinimide MOA?

A

inhibits mycolic acid production by blocking mycobacterial fatty acid synthase I
effective in acidic pH of phagolysosomes- where TB engulfed by macrophages is found

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1
Q

clinical use of pyrazinimide?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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2
Q

Toxicity of pyrazinamide?

A

hyperuricemia

hepatotoxicity

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3
Q

MOA of Isoniazid (INH)?

A

dec synthesis of mycolic acids

bacteria catalase-peroxidase (KatG) needed to convert INH to active metabolite

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4
Q

MOA of Ethambutol?

A

dec carbohydrate polymerization of mycobacterium cell wall by blocking arabinosyltransferase

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5
Q

Toxicity of Isoniazid?

A

Neurotoxicity
Hepatotoxitiy
Lupus
Pyridoxine (Vit B6) may prevent neurotox & lupus, INH may deplete B6.

*INH = Injures Neurons & Hepatocytes

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6
Q

clinical use of ethambutol?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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7
Q

toxicity of ethambutol?

A

optic neuropathy (red green color blindness)

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8
Q

Treat M. tuberculosis?

A 
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
(RIPE)
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9
Q

M. leprae prophylaxis?

A

None

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10
Q

M. avium-intracellulare prophylaxis?

A

Azithromycin

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15
Q

M. tuberculosis prophylaxis?

A

Isoniazid

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16
Q

MOA of Rifampin?

A

inhibits DNA-depended RNA polymerase

inhibits mRNA synthesis

17
Q

Toxicity of Rifampin?

A 
hepatotoxity
drug interactions (inc p-450) = dec drug
orange body fluids
18
Q

user of rifampin?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculsis
Leprosy (delays dapsone resistance)
meningococcaal prophylaxis & HiB prophylaxis as monotherapy.

19
Q

4 R’s of Rifampin

A

RNA pol inhibitor
Revs up P-450
Red/Orange body fluids
Rapid resistance used alone

Antimicrobials (6 decks)

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