Antimicrobials - Nucleic Acid Inhibitors

Question 1

What drug class is sulfamethoxazole? What does this drug inhibit? What is the effect?

Answer 1

Sulfonamides
Dihydropteroate Synthase
Bacteriostatic

Question 2

Name a diaminopyrimidine drug. What does it inhibit? What is the effect?

Answer 2

Trimethoprim
Dihydrofolate synthase
Bacteriostatic

Question 3

Name 3 fluoroquinolones. What is the MOA?

Answer 3

Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin block topoisomerase II (DNA Gyrase relieves supercoiling tension) and topoisomerase IV (separates the duplicate chromosome during cell division).

Question 4

What is the suffix for fluoroquinolones? What is the effect of fluoroquinolones?

Answer 4

-Floxacin. Bactericidal with a post antibiotic effect even after the drug has cleared.

Question 5

What drug class is metronidazole?

Answer 5

Nitroimidazoles

Question 6

Which 2 nucleic acid inhibitors must I combine to get a bactericidal effect?

Answer 6

Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim

Sulfonamides with a diaminopyrimidine

Question 7

What is the MOA of metronidazole? What is the effect?

Answer 7

Metronidazole breaks DNA strands for a bactericidal effect

Question 8

Which bacteria is metronidazole infective against?

Answer 8

Aerobic bacteria

Question 9

What is the drug class and MOA for Ciprofloxacin?

Answer 9

Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitor Function(Ciprofloxacin)Mechanism of action:

1. Blocks topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) which prevents the relaxation of supercoiled DNA which is required for normal transcription (prevalent mechanism in gram-negative bacteria)•
2. block topoisomerase IV. The blockade interferes with the separation of replicated chromosomal DNA during cell division (a prevalent mechanism in gram-positive bacteria).