Antimicrobials

Question 1

Penicillins: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?

Answer 1

Cidal, time, poor, inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Question 2

Cephalosporins: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?

Answer 2

Cidal, time, poor, inhibit cell wall synthesis.

Question 3

Chloramphenicol: cidal/static, activity?

Answer 3

Static, Inhibit protein synthesis.

Question 4

Macrolides: cidal/static, penetration, activity?

Answer 4

Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis

Question 5

Lincosamides: cidal/static, penetration, activity?

Answer 5

Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis

Question 6

Tetracyclines: cidal/static, penetration, activity?

Answer 6

Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis

Question 7

Aminoglycosides: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?

Answer 7

Cidal, Concentration, Poor, Inhibit protein synthesis

Question 8

Sulphonamides (TMPS): cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?

Answer 8

Cidal, time, good, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Question 9

Quinolones: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?

Answer 9

Cidal, concentration, great, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

Question 10

Metronidazole: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity? What else is important about metronidazole?

Answer 10

Cidal, concentration, great, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis. Active against ANAEROBES ONLY.

Question 11

Which groups of antimicrobials have poor penetration?

Answer 11

Pencillins, cephalosporins, B-lactamase inhibitors, polymixins, aminoglycosides

Question 12

Which groups of antimicrobials have great penetration?

Answer 12

Chloramphenicol, Fluoroquinolones, some tetracyclines, metronidazole, rifampin.

Question 13

Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against gram positive aerobes?

Answer 13

Aminoglycosides, metronidazole

Question 14

Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against obligate anaerobes?

Answer 14

Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides

Question 15

Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against gram negative aerobes?

Answer 15

Metronidazole, penicillin G, Lincosamides, Macrolides

Question 16

Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against penicillin producing staphs?

Answer 16

Penicillin G, aminopenicillins, metronidazole

Question 17

Which groups of antimicrobials have excellent activity against gram positive aerobes?

Answer 17

Penicillin G, Aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, rifampin, lincosamides, macrolides, tetracyclines

Question 18

Which groups of antimicrobials excellent activity against obligate anaerobes?

Answer 18

Penicillin G, Amoxy-clav, Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin

Question 19

Which groups of antimicrobials have excellent activity against gram negative aerobes?

Answer 19

Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides, 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins, ticarcillin-clav

Question 20

Which groups of antimicrobials have no excellent activity against penicillin producing staphs?

Answer 20

Amoxy-clav, 1st/2nd gen cephalosporins, cloxacillin, fluoroquinolones, rifampin

Question 21

NEVER USE which 3 drugs in food producing animals…

Answer 21

1) Enrofloxacin (Baytril) in layers
2) Chloramphenicol - causes aplastic anaemia in humans
3) Metronidazole - carcinogenic