Antimicrobials Flashcards
Penicillins: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?
Cidal, time, poor, inhibit cell wall synthesis.
Cephalosporins: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?
Cidal, time, poor, inhibit cell wall synthesis.
Chloramphenicol: cidal/static, activity?
Static, Inhibit protein synthesis.
Macrolides: cidal/static, penetration, activity?
Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis
Lincosamides: cidal/static, penetration, activity?
Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis
Tetracyclines: cidal/static, penetration, activity?
Static, good, inhibit protein synthesis
Aminoglycosides: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?
Cidal, Concentration, Poor, Inhibit protein synthesis
Sulphonamides (TMPS): cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?
Cidal, time, good, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
Quinolones: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity?
Cidal, concentration, great, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
Metronidazole: cidal/static, time/conc dependent, penetration, activity? What else is important about metronidazole?
Cidal, concentration, great, inhibit nucleic acid synthesis. Active against ANAEROBES ONLY.
Which groups of antimicrobials have poor penetration?
Pencillins, cephalosporins, B-lactamase inhibitors, polymixins, aminoglycosides
Which groups of antimicrobials have great penetration?
Chloramphenicol, Fluoroquinolones, some tetracyclines, metronidazole, rifampin.
Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against gram positive aerobes?
Aminoglycosides, metronidazole
Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against obligate anaerobes?
Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides
Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against gram negative aerobes?
Metronidazole, penicillin G, Lincosamides, Macrolides
Which groups of antimicrobials have no useful activity against penicillin producing staphs?
Penicillin G, aminopenicillins, metronidazole
Which groups of antimicrobials have excellent activity against gram positive aerobes?
Penicillin G, Aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, rifampin, lincosamides, macrolides, tetracyclines
Which groups of antimicrobials excellent activity against obligate anaerobes?
Penicillin G, Amoxy-clav, Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Chloramphenicol, Rifampin
Which groups of antimicrobials have excellent activity against gram negative aerobes?
Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides, 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporins, ticarcillin-clav
Which groups of antimicrobials have no excellent activity against penicillin producing staphs?
Amoxy-clav, 1st/2nd gen cephalosporins, cloxacillin, fluoroquinolones, rifampin
NEVER USE which 3 drugs in food producing animals…
1) Enrofloxacin (Baytril) in layers
2) Chloramphenicol - causes aplastic anaemia in humans
3) Metronidazole - carcinogenic
