Antimicrobial Practices Flashcards
Progression of efficacy in antimicrobial practices
Cleaning→sanitizing→disinfecting→sterilizing
Sterilization
Complete removal of all cells, endospores, and viruses from an environment
Sterilants
Chemicals used for sterilization
What else can be used for sterilization
Heat, pressure, filtration
Commercial sterilization
Canning: high temp for specific periods of time
Pasteurization: high temps for short periods of time
Can you sterilize everything
No
Sanitizing
Kills high percentage of vegetative bac.
Disinfecting
Kills microscopic organisms on an inanimate surface as claimed on the label
Disinfectants
Antimicrobial chemicals
Heat can also be used
Endospores can remain
Sanitizing
Cleansing of items/environment to achieve levels of microbial life deemed safe for public health
Such as sanitizers
Selective toxicity
The drug is harmful to a pathogen without being harmful to the host
Where do we get antibiotics?
Other bac., fungi, synthetic (man-made)
What makes a good target for antibiotics
Something that isn’t toxic to our cells but it’s toxic to bacterial cells
What structure/mechanism do you think is a good target?
Peptidoglycan, ribosome that isn’t same as ours, cell wall
Bacteriostatic
Stops growth of organism
Bactericidal
Kill/destroy the microbe
Narrow-spectrum
Effective against a small or limited range of organisms
Broad spectrum
Effective against a wide range of organisms
How is selective toxicity achieved
Targeting structures that are unique/focus on differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
Would a persons immune system influence treatment decisions
‘Yes
Does bacteriostatic need your immune system to kill bacteria?
Yes, it just pauses bacteria action so immune sys can do the work
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Testing the sensitivity of the pathogen to various treatment options
Immuno compromised individual, what antibiotic do u give them
Bacteriocidal, kills infection
What is zone of inhibition used for
Antimicrobial action
