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ACVIM General by Sue > Antimicrobial > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Flashcards

1
Q

Give examples of beta lactams.

A

Penicillin, cephalosporins

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2
Q

Give examples of aminoglycosides

A

Amikacin, gentamicin

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3
Q

Give examples of macrolides

A

Erythromycin, azithromycin, tylosin

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4
Q

Beta lactams - MOA

A

Cell wall synthesis

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5
Q

Fluoroquionolones MOA

A

Nucleic acid synthesis

Specifically DNA gyrase inhibition

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6
Q

Aminoglycoside MOA

A

30s

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7
Q

Tetracycline MOA

A

30s

Hint: AT 30s

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8
Q

Lincosamides MOA

A

50s

Hint: CLM 50s

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9
Q

Chloramphenicol MOA

A

50s

Hint: CLM 50s

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10
Q

Macrolide MOA

A

50s

Hint: CLM 50s

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11
Q

Sulfas MOA

A

prevent folate synthesis for DNA

Specifically:
Sulfa- dihydropteroate synthetase
Trimotoprim - dihyodrofolate reductase

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12
Q

Gentamicin affects ___ in the kidney

A

Proximal tubule

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13
Q

Which abx can penetrate the prostrate

A

TMS (KCS, anemia, folate deficiency), enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol (good against anaerobe)

Macrolide can penetrate but do not have g- spectrum

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14
Q

UTI - deference btw reinfection vs relapse

A

Reinfection - infected with different bacteria

Relapse - infected with SAME bacteria

Persistence - inability to clear current infection with appropriate rx ( requires culture of bacteria while on abx or within 1 week of termination)

Superinfection - infected with a DIFFERENT bacteria while on abx

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15
Q

This breed is more susceptible to side effects of TMS

A

Doberman
CYB5R3

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16
Q

Abx that inhibit cytochrome P450?

A

Chloramphenicol
Azithromycin
Enrofloxacin

17
Q

Concentration vs time dependent abx

A

Concentration - fluoroquinolone, aminoglycoside, metronidazole. TMS. chloramphenicol (FAT MC)

Time - beta, macrolides, lincosamide, tetracycline, vancomycin

18
Q

Sensitizer to RT

A

Metronidazole

19
Q

MDR1 - gene and protein affected

A

ABCB1
P glycoprotein

20
Q

Macrocyclic lactose MOA on invertebrates and mammals

A

Invertebrates: Bind Cl channels - influx of Cl into parasite neurons —> hyperpolarization, paralysis, death

Mammals: bind GABA channels (present in CNS), BBB usually prevents ML entry

ACVIM General by Sue (10 decks)

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