Antihypertensives Flashcards
What are the indications for Nitroprusside (Nipride)?
- Hypertensive emergency
- Afterload reduction
- Treatment of HF
What are the indications for nitroglycerin?
- Angina
- NonST elevation
- Acute MI
- HTN
- HF
Classification of Diltiazem (Cardizem)?
Calcium Channel Blocker
What are the indications for Diltiazem (Cardizem)?
- Treatment of HTN
- Angina
- SVT
- Control ventricular HR in AFIB and Aflutter
What are the actions of metoprolol (lopressor)?
- Decrease HR and CO
How should the heart rate respond to Metoprolol (lopressor)?
It should decrease.
How would you teach your patient to stop Metoprolol (lopressor)?
Wean off this med.
What are some of the contraindications for Metoprolol (lopressor)?
- Heart blocks
- HF
- decreased BP
- Shock
- Recent cocaine usage
The action of this calcium channel blocker slows the channels of the myocardium during depolarization, leading to coronary vasodilation?
Nicardipine
What is the classification of Nicardipine (Cardene)?
Calcium Channel Blocker
Could Nicardipine (Cardene) cause pedal/peripheral edema?
Yes
Does nitroglycerin influence preload, afterload, or both?
Both
Does Nitroprusside influence preload, afterload, or both?
Afterload
What vital sign is most affected by Nitroglycerin, blood pressure or HR?
Blood pressure
What are the adverse side effects of Nitroprusside?
Cyanide poisoning!!!
- Theiocyanate toxicity and liver failure.
What are the side effects of Enalaprilat (Vasotec)?
- Decreased BP
- HA
- N
- Angioedema
- Dizziness
- Cough
Peak time of Diltiazem (cardizem)?
15 minutes
Peak time of Metoprolol tartrate?
20 minutes
Peak time of Hydralazine (Apresoline)?
10-80 minutes
Peak time of Labetolol (trandate)?
5-15 minutes
Peak time of Enalaprilat (Vasotec)?
1-4 hours.
Based on the MAG, when should you repeat the blood pressure and heart rate after giving any of these medications IV push?
Depends on the peak. Once after the first hour and once after the second hour.
Beta blocker, masks signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Labetalol
Calcium Channel Blocker, side effect peripheral edema 2-3wks?
Cardizem (Diltiazem)
Beta blocker; taper to discontinue over 1-2wks?
Metoprolol
Direct vasodilation arterioles; side effect-psychotic reaction?
Hydralazine
ACE-inhibitor, side effect - angioedema and cough?
Enalaprilat
Calcium channel blocker; coronary vasodilation/ affects myocardium during depolarization?
Nicardipine (Cardene)
Afterload reduction; risk of cyanide poisoning?
Nitroprusside Sodium (Nipride)
Preload and afterload reduction; careful with recent erectile dysfunction medications?
Nitroglycerine
