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Pharmacy > Antihyperlipidemics > Flashcards

Antihyperlipidemics Flashcards

1
Q 
These are subclasses of what??
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Loop Diuretics
Osmotic Diuretics
Potassium Sparing:
Thiazide
A

Diuretics

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2
Q 
What Diuretic subclass action?
Inhibit the action of carbonic anhydrase which leads to the excretion of sodium, potassium, bicarbonate and water.
  1. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
  2. Loop Diuretics
  3. Osmotic Diuretics
  4. Potassium Sparing:
  5. Thiazide
A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor

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3
Q 
What Diuretic subclass action?
Increase the density of the filtrate in the glomerulus; prevents reabsorption of water; salt and chloride follow water.
  1. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
  2. Loop Diuretics
  3. Osmotic Diuretics
  4. Potassium Sparing:
  5. Thiazide
A

Osmotic Diuretics

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4
Q 
What Diuretic subclass action?
Inhibit reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the kidney.
  1. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
  2. Loop Diuretics
  3. Osmotic Diuretics
  4. Potassium Sparing:
  5. Thiazide
A

Thiazide

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5
Q 
What Diuretic subclass action?
Decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the kidney and increases potassium retention.
  1. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
  2. Loop Diuretics
  3. Osmotic Diuretics
  4. Potassium Sparing
  5. Thiazide
A

Potassium Sparing

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6
Q 
What Diuretic subclass action?
Increase excretion of sodium and chloride by inhibiting the reabsorption of these ions in the distal proximal tubules and the loop of Henle.
  1. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
  2. Loop Diuretics
  3. Osmotic Diuretics
  4. Potassium Sparing
  5. Thiazide
A

Loop Diuretics

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7
Q

This is the use of what drug class?

(a) Open-angle glaucoma, preoperatively to lower intraocular pressure.
(b) Edema due to CHF, cirrhosis of the liver, and/or renal disease.
(c) Hypertension

A

Diuretics

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8
Q

Adverse effects of what Class?

(a) Fluid and Electrolyte imbalance.
(b) Hypertension (Mostly orthostatic) syncope
(c) Arrhythmias

A

Diuretics

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9
Q

Patient Management Diuretics

Administer diuretics ______ to prevent nocturnal diuresis and disturbance of sleep.

A

early in the day

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10
Q

Patient Management Diuretics

  • Need to void often the first few weeks.
  • Need to monitor and potentially replace ____ in particularly _______
A

Electrolytes, Potassium

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11
Q

Administering diuretics.
You have a patient with one or more of these issues.. indicated or contraindicated?

(a) Cross sensitivity with sulfonamides.
(b) Kidney disease
(c) Electrolyte imbalance
(d) Uncontrolled arrhythmias

A

contraindicated

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12
Q

Administering diuretics.
You have a patient with one or more of these issues.. indicated or contraindicated?

(a) Open-angle glaucoma, preoperatively to lower intraocular pressure.
(b) Edema due to CHF, cirrhosis of the liver, and/or renal disease.
(c) Hypertension

A

Indicated

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13
Q

What Subclass?
Used in certain cases for the management of elevate intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.

  1. Potassium sparing diuretics
  2. Thiazide diuretics
  3. Loop diuretics
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  5. Osmotic diuretics
A

Osmotic diuretics

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14
Q

What Subclass?
Furosemide: Lasix management of edema associated with due to CHF, cirrhosis of liver (i,e ascites) or renal disease, acute pulmonary edema.
Caution: May cause hypokalemia
-Is cross reactive with androgen receptors in the body and acts as a partial androgen blocker (testosterone blocker).

  1. Potassium sparing diuretics
  2. Thiazide diuretics
  3. Loop diuretics
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  5. Osmotic diuretics
A

Loop diuretics

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15
Q

What potassium sparing diuretic recommended for use in men, due it having relatively less cross reactivity with androgen receptors.?

  1. Spironolactone: Aldactone
  2. Eplerenone: Inspira
A

Eplerenone

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16
Q

What Subclass?
May be used as additional therapy for the management of Hypertension; can treat ascites due to cirrhosis, heart failure. Caution: May cause hyperkalemia.

  1. Potassium sparing diuretics
  2. Thiazide diuretics
  3. Loop diuretics
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  5. Osmotic diuretics
A

Potassium sparing diuretics

17
Q

What Subclass?
Used in certain cases for the management of elevate intracranial pressure and cerebral edema.

  1. Potassium sparing diuretics
  2. Thiazide diuretics
  3. Loop diuretics
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  5. Osmotic diuretics
A

Osmotic diuretics

18
Q

What Subclass?
Furosemide: Lasix management of edema associated with due to CHF, cirrhosis of liver (i,e ascites) or renal disease, acute pulmonary edema.
Caution: May cause hypokalemia

  1. Potassium sparing diuretics
  2. Thiazide diuretics
  3. Loop diuretics
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  5. Osmotic diuretics
A

Loop diuretics

19
Q

What is this
Fat-like substance in the blood. Cholesterol and Triglycerides (three fatty acids (broken down lipids). Low density Lipoprotein: LDL Cholesterol; High density Lipoprotein: HDL Cholesterol.

A

Lipids

20
Q 
What class is used for:
Increase lipid levels
A

Hyperlipidemia

21
Q

Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
Inhibit an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis ( most commonly prescribed antihyperlipidemics).

  1. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
  2. Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
  3. Fenofibrate (Tricor)
A

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)

22
Q

Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
Reduces VLDL and stimulates the catabolism of triglyceriderich lipoproteins, which results in decrease in plasma triglycerides and cholesterol.

  1. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
  2. Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
  3. Fenofibrate (Tricor)
A

Fenofibrate (Tricor)

23
Q

Hyperlipidemia Action for what subclass?
bind cholesterol in the GI tract and prevents its reabsorption, thus limiting the amount of fatty acids absorbed through the GI tract

  1. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins)
  2. Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)
  3. Fenofibrate (Tricor)
A

Bile acid sequestrates (Cholestyramine, Colestipol, Colesevelam)

24
Q

Use of what Class?
Reduction of blood lipids in an effort to reduce the morbidity and mortality of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its sequelae.

A

Hyperlipidemia drugs

25
Q

Adverse effects of what class?

(a) Constipation
(b) Abdominal pain/cramps
(c) Nausea
(d) Rhabdomyolysis
(e) Liver dysfunction

A

Hyperlipidemia drugs

26
Q

Patient education of what class?

(a) Obtain initial labs (LFTs, Lipid panel, Chemistry).
(b) Allow 6-8 weeks of lifestyle changes prior to starting.
(c) Advise on Constipation: Education of diet to reduce symptoms.
(d) Advise on supplemental vitamins with Bile Acid Sequestrants.

A

hyperlipidemia drugs

Pharmacy (30 decks)

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