Antigen-Antibody Interactions Flashcards
What is Immunology?
Study of the immune system.
What is an antigen?
Substance that is foreign to the body and can bind to antibodies to form an Ag-Ab complex.
What is RBC antigen?
Antigen that determines an individual’s blood group.
What factors determine immunogenicity of RBC antigen?
- Foreign to the host
- Chemically complex (protein)
- Reasonable Mr (> 5000 Da)
- Optimum dosage
What is an antibody?
Substance produced by the body that bind to antigen.
What are the different classes of immunoglobulins?
- IgG: Cross placenta/ Lifelong immunity
- IgM: Primary IR
- IgD: Co-expressed on B cells as BCR
- IgA: Secretions
- IgE: Allergic reactions
What are the different types of immunity?
Active and Passive Immunity
How can artificial immunity be introduced?
- Monoclonal Abs
- Hybrid cell cloning of immunized mice
- e.g. vaccines - Polyclonal Abs
- Human plasma origin
- e.g. anti-A - Lectins
- Seed extracts from plants
- e.g. anti-A1
What are the two types of immune response?
Primary and Secondary Immune Response
What are the factors that influence immunity?
- Nature and size of the antigen
- Use of adjuvants
- Volume and frequency of exposure
- Physiological state of the person
- Route of administration
What are the factors that influence Ag-Ab reactions?
- Structure and size of the antibody
- Zetapotential
- Effects of time
- Effects of temperature
- Effects of pH
- Size of antigenic determinants
- Amount of antigenic determinants
What is complement?
-Group of serum and cell membrane proteins that cause lysis of cells, bacteria, and viruses when activated.
