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MTAP 1 - 8. Immunoserology > Antigen > Flashcards

Antigen Flashcards

1
Q

Ag-Ab reaction is __

A

ALWAYS SPECIFIC

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2
Q

Any molecular structure capable of antibody production

A

ANTIGEN

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3
Q

No ___ should react with a ___

A

HEALTHY IMMUNE SYSTEM
NORMAL ANTIGEN

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4
Q

Capacity of immune system to react with foreign/non-self

A

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC)

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5
Q

Parts of Antigen:

A

CARRIER PROTEIN
EPITOPE/DETERMINANT

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6
Q

Part of Ag responsible for molecular weight

A

CARRIER PROTEIN

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7
Q

Part of Ag responsible for specificity

A

EPITOPE/DETERMINANT

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8
Q

Part of Ag that interacts with Fab portion of Ab

A

EPITOPE/DETERMINANT

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9
Q

Properties of Antigen:

A

IA

IMMUNOGENICITY
ANTIGENICITY/SPECIFICITY

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10
Q

Ability of substance to induce specific immune response —> ___

A

IMMUNOGENICITY
FORMATION OF IMMUNE LYMPHOCYTES/ANTIBODIES

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11
Q

Antibody producing capability of antigen

A

IMMUNOGENICITY

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12
Q

Factors that Affect Immunogenicity:

A

FSC

FOREIGNNESS
SIZE
CHEMICAL COMPLEXITY

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13
Q

Level/extent of immune response

A

FOREIGNNESS

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14
Q

More ___, more immunogenic

A

FOREIGN

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15
Q

Must be recognized as ___ to elicit immune response

A

FOREIGN

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16
Q

Antigen Types:

A

AAHH

AUTOANTIGEN
ALLOANTIGEN
HETEROANTIGEN
HETEROPHILE ANTIGEN

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17
Q

Self
Derived from host
Do not elicit immune response bc “self”

A

AUTOANTIGEN

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18
Q

When autoantigens elicit immune response

A

AUTOIMMUNE DISORDER

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19
Q

Derived from other individuals
Elicit immune response

A

ALLOANTIGEN

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20
Q

Produced from alloantigenic stimulation
Commonly detected in ___ & ___

A

ALLOANTIBODIES
ANTIBODY SCREENING
IDENTIFICATION

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21
Q

Alloantigens of donors are tested

A

CROSSMATCHING

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22
Q

Derived from other species
Elicit immune response

A

HETEROANTIGENS

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23
Q

Heteroantigens that exist in unrelated plants/animals
Either ___ / ___ in structure

A

HETEROPHILE ANTIGENS
IDENTICAL
CLOSELY RELATED

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24
Q

Graft Types:

A

AIAH

AUTOGRAFT
ISOGRAFT/SYNGRAFT
ALLOGRAFT
HETEROGRAFT/XENOGRAFT

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25
Q

From individual’s own body
Ex: ___

A

AUTOGRAFT
SEVERE BURNS

26
Q

From identical individuals
Ex: ___

A

ISOGRAFT/SYNGRAFT
TWINS

27
Q

From non-identical individuals of same species
Ex: ___

A

ALLOGRAFT
KIDNEY, BLOOD TRANSFUSION

28
Q

From other species

A

HETEROGRAFT/XENOGRAFT

29
Q

SIZE
____ molecule, more immunogenic

A

LARGER

30
Q

Number of epitope ___ with size of molecule

A

INCREASING PROPORTIONALLY

31
Q

Albumin Molecular size

A

30,000-60,000 DALTONS

32
Q

Hemocyanin Molecular size

A

100,000-MILLION DALTONS

33
Q

Stable, found in vaccine

A

ALBUMIN

34
Q

Highly complex

A

HEMOCYANIN

35
Q

___ complex, ___ molecular size

A

MORE
GREATER

36
Q

Molecular size to be Immunogenic

A

> 10,000 DALTONS

37
Q

<10,000 daltons
Do not elicit immune response

A

HAPTEN

38
Q

Overall chemical structure of antigen

A

CHEMICAL COMPLEXITY

39
Q

Best & strongest
Peptide linkages = highly stable —> ___ —> higher chance immune cells will recognize

A

PROTEIN
LONGER CIRCULATION LIFE

40
Q

Examples of Polysaccharides

A

ENDOTOXIN, PNEUMOCOCCAL CAPSULE

41
Q

Surface antigens
Ex: ___

A

GLYCOPROTEINS
ABO, Rh ANTIGENS

42
Q

Example of Polypeptide

A

INSULIN

43
Q

Least immunogenic bc ___ –> shorter circulation life

A

NUCLEIC ACIDS, LIPIDS, AMINO ACIDS
EASILY DISSOCIATE/DISINTEGRATE

44
Q

Ability of antigen to react specifically with the Ab/cell that caused it to be produced

A

ANTIGENICITY/SPECIFICITY

45
Q

Incomplete antigen
Not immunogenic by itself, needs ___

A

HAPTEN
CARRIER PROTEIN

46
Q

Most common carrier protein of Hapten in circulation

A

ALBUMIN

47
Q

Any substance that can induce an immune response

A

IMMUNOGEN

48
Q

Not all ___ are ___, but all ___ are ___

A

ANTIGENS
IMMUNOGENIC
IMMUNOGENS
ANTIGENIC

49
Q

Special class of immunogen
Causes hypersensitivity reactions

A

ALLERGEN

50
Q

Exaggerated immune response damaging/harmful to individual

A

HYPERSENSITIVITY

51
Q

Most fatal
High exposure rate –> ___

A

TYPE 1 / IMMEDIATE HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION
DEATH

52
Q

Examples of Hypersensitivity reactions

A

ASTHMA ATTACK, SYSTEMIC ANAPHYLAXIS

53
Q

Substances added to immunogen to enhance immune response

A

ADJUVANTS

54
Q

Actions of Adjuvants:

A

PIS

PROLONGS RETENTION TIME OF IMMUNOGEN
INCREASES EFFECTIVE SIZE OF IMMUNOGEN
STIMULATES INFLUX OF MACROPHAGES AND/OR LYMPHOCYTES

55
Q

Most immunocompetent WBCs

A

LYMPHOCYTES

56
Q

Examples of Adjuvants:

A

LPS (LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES)
CFA (COMPLETE FREUNDS ADJUVANTS)
ALUMINUM ADJUVANTS

57
Q

Water in oil emulsion of Mycobacterium butericum / Bordatella pertussis

A

CFA (COMPLETE FREUNDS ADJUVANTS)

58
Q

Most commonly used in clinical setting

A

ALUMINUM ADJUVANTS

59
Q

Similarity of Affinity & Avidity

A

BOTH PERTAIN TO STRENGTH OF INTERACTION

60
Q

Strength of interaction between epitope and antigen combining site of antibody

A

AFFINITY

61
Q

Strength of interaction between complex antigens and antibodies

A

AVIDITY

62
Q

Difference between Affinity & Avidity

A

AFFINITY - SIMPLE
AVIDITY - COMMPLEX, SUM TOTAL OF INTERACTIONS, MULTIPLE

MTAP 1 - 8. Immunoserology (3 decks)

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