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MTAP 1 - 8. Immunoserology > Antibody > Flashcards

Antibody Flashcards

1
Q

Substances, spec. glycoproteins, produced by B lymphocytes/plasma cells in response to antigenic stimulation

A

ANTIBODIES/IMMUNOGLOBULINS

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2
Q

Immune response in which antibody production occurs

A

HUMORAL

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3
Q

Same with antibody classes
Lies in the heavy chain
Pertain to IgM, IgA, IgG, IgE, IgD

A

ISOTYPE

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4
Q

Genetically determined differences, spec. in the amino acid sequence in the constant region

A

ALLOTYPE

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5
Q

VARIABLE REGION of the antibody

A

IDIOTYPE

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6
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
1. Four (4) polypeptide chains:

A

2 IDENTICAL LIGHT CHAINS & 2 IDENTICAL HEAVY CHAINS

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7
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
2. Both light & heavy chains held together by

A

COVALENT DISULFIDE BONDS

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8
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
3. Heavy chains interconnected by

A

DISULFIDE LINKAGES

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9
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
4. 2 Terminal Regions:

A

CARBOXYTERMINAL
AMINOTERMINAL

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9
Q

CONSTANT REGION
Constant amino acid sequence
Fc (crystallizable fragment / fragment crystallin) is present

A

CARBOXYTERMINAL

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10
Q

VARIABLE REGION
Varying antibody specificity
Determines the idiotype
Hypervariable portion of the variable region specifically binds with the epitope

A

AMINOTERMINAL

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11
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
5. Treatment with PAPAIN will produce 3 fragments:

A

ONE Fc FRAGMENT
TWO Fab FRAGMENTS

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12
Q

Fragment crystalline
Involve in the Ig biologic function

A

ONE Fc FRAGMENT

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13
Q

Ig Biologic Function:

A

COMPLEMENT FIXATION
PLACENTAL TRANSFER OF Ig
BINDING SITE FOR CELLS

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14
Q

Antigen binding even without the Fc but cannot agglutinate or precipitate (MONOVALENT)

A

TWO Fab FRAGMENTS

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15
Q

STRUCTURE OF IMMUNOGLOBULINS:
6. Treatment with PEPSIN results in:

A

DIGESTION OF Fc FRAGMENT –> 2 Fab FRAGMENTS - 2 Ag COMBINING SITES (BIVALENT) –> Ag BINDING, PRECIPITATION, AND AGGLUTINATION

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16
Q

alpha, gamma, mu, epsilon, delta

A

HEAVY CHAIN

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17
Q

Site for the gene for heavy chain synthesis

A

CHROMOSOME 14

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18
Q

Either kappa or lambda
Found in two different loci

A

LIGHT CHAIN

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19
Q

Site for kappa light chain

A

CHROMOSOME 2

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20
Q

Site for lambda light chain

A

CHROMOSOME 22

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21
Q

Glycoprotein
Linking / bridging monomers together
Found in antibodies which consist of 2/more monomers

A

J CHAIN / JOINING CHAIN

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22
Q

___ - pentamer
___ - dimer

A

IgM
SECRETORY IgA

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23
Q

DOMAINS OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN:

A

VCH23CLH

VARIABLE REGION
CH2 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 2)
CH3 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 3)
CL (CONSTANT LIGHT CHAIN)
HINGE REGION

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24
Q

Specificity
Antigen binding site
Consists of Fab region

A

VARIABLE REGION

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25
Q

Binds with complement
Involved in the classical pathway

A

CH2 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 2)

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26
Q

Recognition site for antibody
Initiates classical pathway when bind

A

C1q

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26
Q

Antibodies involved in classical pathway

A

IgM & IgG

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27
Q

Cytotropic reactions involving WBCs
Links to the receptor on cell membrane

A

CH3 (CONSTANT HEAVY CHAIN 3)

28
Q

WBCs:

A

MMMCB

MACROPHAGES
MONOCYTES
MAST CELLS
CYTOTOXIC KILLER CELLS
B CELLS

29
Q

Responsible for light chain type
Either ___ but ___

A

CL (CONSTANT LIGHT CHAIN)
KAPPA OR LAMBDA
NEVER BOTH

30
Q

KAPPA = ___%
LAMBDA = ___%

A

65
35

31
Q

Between CH1 & CH2
Flexible region
Flexibility of the antibody can squeeze through or penetrate membranes and other structures
Flexibility is attributed to the amino acid that is abundantly present in it

A

HINGE REGION

32
Q

Amino acid responsible for its flexibility

A

PROLINE

33
Q

Classes of Immunoglobulins:

A

GAMED
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD

34
Q

Predominant Ig in humans bc ___

A

IgG
LONGEST RETENTION TIME / LONGEST CIRCULATION LIFE

35
Q

Provides immunity to the newborn bc ___ bc ___

A

IgG
CAN CROSS THE PLACENTA
SMALLEST

36
Q

Antibodies that can cross the placenta

A

IgG1 & IgG3

37
Q

When IgG crosses placenta, the maternal Ab provides immunity to newborn

A

ACQUIRED NATURAL PASSIVE IMMUNITY

38
Q

Mother and baby different blood types
Sensitize fetal RBCs → ___ → ___

A

INCOMPATIBLE PREGNANCY
LYSIS
HDFN (HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE FETUS AND NEWBORN)

39
Q

Fixation of complement
Most to least potent

A

IgG
IgG3 > IgG1 > IgG2

40
Q

IgG - Opsonization aka ___

A

FACILITATED PHAGOCYTOSIS

41
Q

Molecule that enhances phagocytosis by facilitating the linking or cross-bridging of the phagocytes and the target Ag

A

OPSONIN

42
Q

Toxin and virus neutralization
Participates in agglutination and precipitation reaction

A

IgG

43
Q

Best precipitating Ab
Monomer
Has no J chain
Predominant Ab in secondary / anamnestic response

A

IgG

44
Q

4 Subclasses of IgG:
% of total IgG - number of disulfide bonds

A

IgG1 - 60% - 2
IgG2 - 23% - 4
IgG3 - 7% - 15
IgG4 - 4% - 2

45
Q

Predominant Ab in primary immune response

A

IgM

46
Q

IgM - first to appear in ___ and the last to leave in ___

A

PHYLOGENY
SENESCENCE

47
Q

First to appear after a primary antigenic stimulus

A

IgM

48
Q

Pentameric structure

A

IgM

49
Q

Functions of IgM:

A

CAOT
COMPLEMENT FIXATION
AGGLUTINATION
OPSONIZATION
TOXIN NEUTRALIZATION

50
Q

Most potent
Best in fixing complement bc ___

A

IgM
BIGGEST

51
Q

Best agglutinating antibody

A

IgM

52
Q

IgA exist as ___ in plasma and ___ in secretion

A

MONOMER
DIMER

53
Q

Responsible for mucosal immunity

A

IgA

54
Q

Only antibody with ___ - responsible for maintaining the structure of the antibody by preventing the enzymatic degradation of the structure

A

SECRETORY COMPONENT

55
Q

2 Subclasses of IgA:

A

IgA1 & IgA2

56
Q

Function is still unknown but believes to play a role in IMMUNOREGULATION

A

IgD

57
Q

Control of antibody secretion and release in the circulation

A

IMMUNOREGULATION

58
Q

Found on the surface of B-lymphocytes

A

IgD

59
Q

Postulated to be an anti-idiotypic antibody

A

IgD

60
Q

Monomer

A

IgD

61
Q

Least abundant Ig in the serum

A

IgE

62
Q

Heat-labile antibody

A

IgE

63
Q

Binds strongly to mast cell and basophil receptor

A

IgE

64
Q

Site of histamine production

A

MAST CELL

65
Q

Mediates some types of hypersensitivity reactions

A

IgE

66
Q

Other name of IgG

A

SERUM Ig

67
Q

Other name of IgA

A

SECRETORY Ig

68
Q

Other name of IgM

A

PENTAMERIC Ig

69
Q

Other name of IgE

A

REAGINIC Ig

MTAP 1 - 8. Immunoserology (3 decks)

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