Antifungals EC Flashcards
Amphotericin B (MOA, Use, Tox)
Binds ERGOSTEROL and forms membrane pores
Serious systemic mycoses Cryptococcus meningitis (w/ flucytosine) Blastomyces Coccidio Histo Candida Mucor
Fever/chills, Hypotension, nephrotoxic, arrhythmias, anemia, IV phlebitis
Nystatin (MOA, Use)
Binds ERGOSTEROL and forms membrane pores
Topical “swish and swallow” oral candidiasis
Topical for diaper rash or vaginal candidiasis
Azoles (Fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole) (MOA, Use, Tox)
Inhibits P450 conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
Local and less serious systemic mycoses
Testosterone synthesis inhibition (gnyecomastia), liver dysfunction
Flucytosine (MOA, Use, Tox)
Inhibits CYTOSINE DEAMINASE conversion of 5-fluorouracil
Systemic fungal infections in combination with amphotericin B
Bone marrow suppression
Caspofungin, Micafungin (MOA, Use, Tox)
Inhibit BETA GLUCAN and therefore fungal cell wall synthesis
Invasive aspergillosis
Candida
Fluishing
Terbinafine (MOA, Use, Tox)
Inhibits SQUALENE EPOXIDASE
Treats dermatophytoses (esp fingers and toe fungal infections)
Abnormal liver function, Visual disturbances
Griseofulvin (MOA, Use, Tox)
Interferes with microtubule function; disrupts mitosis.
Oral treatment of superficial fungal infections
Teratogenic, carcinogenic, confusion, headaches, increases P450s and warfarin metabolism
Chloroquine (MOA, Use, Tox)
Blocks detoxification of Heme into HEMOZOIN (heme accumulates and is toxic to plasmodia)
Treatment of malaria other than P. falciparum
Retinopathy
Treatment of P. falciparum
Atovaquone/proguanil
Antiprotozoan therapy
Pyrimethamine (toxo)
Suramin and melarsoprol (T. brucei)
Nifurtimox (T. cruzi)
Sodium stibogluconate (leishmaniasis)
Antihelminthic theraphy
Mebendazole Pyrantel pamoate Ivermectin Diethylcarbamazine Praziquantel (esp Schistosoma)
Immobilize helminths
