Antifungals

Question 1

Polyenes

Answer 1

Bind to ergosterol
Active against yeats and filamentous fungi
Toxic (also bind other cholesterols)

Question 2

Amphotericin B

Answer 2

Polyene
IV use only
Used for treatment of serious fungal infections
Extremely toxic - renal/hepatic/cardiac

Question 3

Nystatin

Answer 3

Polyene

Creams/pessaries/oral suspension

Question 4

Azoles

Answer 4

Inhibit ergosterol synthesis
Older = Imidazoles
Newer = Triazoles

Question 5

Fluconazole

Answer 5

Triazole
Oral and parenteral administration
Active against yeast infections
No activity against filamentous fungi e.g. Aspergillus spp

Question 6

Itraconazole

Answer 6

Triazole
Active against both yeasts, filamentous fungi and dermatophytes
Used to treat aspergillosis

Question 7

Voriconazole

Answer 7

Triazole

Used to treat aspergillosis

Question 8

Miconazole

Answer 8

Imidazole

Question 9

Ketoconazole

Answer 9

Imidazole

Question 10

Allylamines

Answer 10

Suppress ergosterol synthesis (different stage to allylamines)

Question 11

Terbinafine

Answer 11

Only allylamine in common use
Clinical use restricted to dermatophyte infections of skin (ringworm, athlete’s foot) and nails (onychomycosis)
Topical and oral administration

Question 12

Echinocandins

Answer 12

Inhibit the synthesis of glucan polysaccharide
Usually used for serious Candida and Aspergillus infections
FUngicidal against Candida spp
Fungistatic against Aspergillus spp

Question 13

Caspofungin

Answer 13

Echinocandin

Question 14

Mycafungin

Answer 14

Echinocandin

Question 15

Anidulafungin

Answer 15

Echinocandin